Ob qho tib si kub dov thiab txias dov yog cov txheej txheem rau kev tsim cov hlau phaj lossis cov profiles, thiab lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau cov qauv thiab cov khoom ntawm cov hlau.
Cov dov ntawm cov hlau yog tsuas yog kub dov, thiab txias dov feem ntau tsuas yog siv los tsim cov khoom steel nrog qhov ntev xws li cov seem me me thiab nyias daim hlau.
Common steel txias thiab kub dov tej yam kev mob:
duab
Hlau: 5.5-40 hli inch, coiled, tag nrho cov kub dov. Tom qab kos duab txias, nws yog cov khoom siv kos txias.
Round steel: Ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv ci nrog qhov ntev, lawv feem ntau kub dov, thiab tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv forged (nrog cov cim forging ntawm qhov chaw).
Sawb steel: ob qho tib si kub-kuav los tiag thiab txias-dov, thiab cov khoom txias-dov yog feem ntau nyias.
Hlau phaj: Cov phaj txias-dov feem ntau yog nyias, xws li daim hlau tsheb; muaj ntau yam kub dov nruab nrab-tuab daim hlau, qee qhov zoo sib xws hauv cov tuab rau cov phaj txias, thiab lawv cov tsos yog qhov txawv.
Lub kaum sab xis steel: tag nrho cov kub dov.
Hlau yeeb nkab: Ob leeg welded kub dov thiab txias kos.
Channel steel thiab H-beam: kub dov.
Steel bar: kub dov khoom.
kub dov
Los ntawm kev txhais, steel ingots lossis billets yog qhov nyuaj rau deform thiab txheej txheem ntawm chav tsev kub, thiab feem ntau yog cua sov rau 1100-1250 degree rau dov. Cov txheej txheem dov no hu ua kub dov.
Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov kub dov feem ntau yog 800-900 degree , thiab tom qab ntawd nws feem ntau yog txias hauv huab cua, yog li lub xeev kub dov yog sib npaug rau normalizing kev kho mob.
Cov khoom siv hlau feem ntau yog dov los ntawm txoj kev kub dov. Vim yog qhov kub thiab txias, cov hlau xa tawm hauv lub xeev kub dov muaj txheej txheej ntawm oxide nplai ntawm qhov chaw, yog li nws muaj qee qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv huab cua qhib.
Txawm li cas los xij, txheej txheej ntawm cov hlau oxide no kuj ua rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau kub-kuav los tiag ntxhib thiab qhov luaj li cas fluctuates zoo heev. Yog li ntawd, cov hlau nrog du nto, qhov loj me thiab cov khoom siv kho kom zoo yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom kub dov semi-tiav los yog cov khoom tiav raws li cov khoom siv raw thiab ces txias-dov rau ntau lawm.
qhov zoo:
Kev sib sau ceev yog ceev, cov zis yog siab, thiab cov txheej txheem tsis puas. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau ntau hom ntawv hla ntu kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev siv; txias dov tuaj yeem ua rau cov yas loj deformation ntawm cov hlau, yog li ua kom cov khoom taw tes ntawm cov hlau.
tsis txaus:
1. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj thermal yas compression thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem, tseem muaj residual stresses nyob rau hauv seem, uas yuav inevitably cuam tshuam rau tag nrho thiab lub zos buckling yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau;
2. Cov style ntawm txias-kuav los tiag seem steel yog feem ntau yog ib qho qhib seem, kom cov dawb torsional nruj ntawm seem yog tsawg. Nws yog nquag torsion thaum nws yog khoov, thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau buckle thaum nws yog compressed, thiab nws torsional kev ua tau zoo yog tsis zoo;
3. Cov phab ntsa tuab ntawm cov hlau uas ua rau txias txias yog me me, thiab tsis muaj thickening ntawm lub ces kaum uas cov hlau txuas nrog, thiab lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv lub zos concentrated loads tsis muaj zog.
txias dov
Txias dov yog hais txog txoj kev dov ntawm extruding steel nrog lub siab ntawm yob ntawm chav tsev kub kom hloov cov duab ntawm cov hlau. Txawm hais tias tus txheej txheem kuj heats li steel phaj, nws tseem hu ua txias dov. Tshwj xeeb, kub-kuav los tiag steel coils yog siv los ua raw cov ntaub ntawv rau txias dov, thiab kev ua haujlwm siab yog nqa tawm tom qab pickling kom tshem tawm nplai, thiab cov khoom tiav yog hard-dov coils.
Feem ntau, txias-dov hlau xws li galvanized thiab xim hlau daim hlau yuav tsum tau annealed, yog li cov yas thiab elongation kuj zoo, thiab dav siv hauv tsheb, khoom siv hauv tsev, kho vajtse thiab lwm yam lag luam. Qhov saum npoo ntawm daim ntawv txias-dov muaj qee qhov kev sib tw, thiab nws xav tias smoother rau qhov kov, feem ntau vim yog pickling. Feem ntau, qhov ua tiav ntawm cov ntawv kub dov tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, yog li cov ntawv kub dov hlau yuav tsum tau txias-kuav los tiag, thiab cov tuab tuab tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau kub dov yog feem ntau 1.0 mm, thiab cov kab hlau txias txias tuaj yeem ncav cuag 0.1mm. Kub dov yog dov saum lub crystallization kub taw tes, thiab txias dov yog dov hauv qab ntawm crystallization kub taw tes.
Kev hloov ntawm cov hlau zoo los ntawm txias dov belongs rau qhov txias txias deformation. Qhov txias hardening tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem no nce lub zog thiab hardness ntawm hard-dov coils, thiab txo cov ductility thiab plasticity indicators.
Rau kev siv kawg, txias dov deteriorates lub stamping kev ua tau zoo, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog rau qhov chaw uas yooj yim deformation.
qhov zoo:
Nws tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov qauv ntawm cov hlau ingot, kho cov nplej ntawm cov hlau, thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis xws ntawm microstructure, kom cov qauv hlau yog ntom thiab cov khoom siv kho kom zoo tuaj. Qhov kev txhim kho no feem ntau yog tshwm sim hauv cov kev taw qhia dov, kom cov hlau tsis muaj isotropic rau qee yam; cov npuas, tawg thiab looseness tsim thaum lub sij hawm pouring kuj yuav welded nyob rau hauv kub thiab siab.
tsis txaus:
1. Tom qab kub dov, cov non-metallic inclusions (tsuas yog sulfides thiab oxides, nrog rau silicates) nyob rau hauv cov hlau yog nias rau hauv nyias nyias, thiab stratification tshwm sim. Delamination zoo heev deteriorates cov khoom ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv nro los ntawm lub thickness, thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm interlaminar tearing raws li cov weld shrinks. Lub hauv paus strain induced los ntawm shrinkage ntawm lub weld feem ntau ncav cuag ob peb zaug ntawm lub strain ntawm lub yield point, uas yog ntau npaum li cas loj tshaj lub strain tshwm sim los ntawm lub load;
2. Kev ntxhov siab uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws. Residual stress yog qhov kev ntxhov siab hauv tus kheej sib npaug yam tsis muaj kev quab yuam sab nraud. Kub-kuav los tiag steel ntu ntawm ntau ntu muaj qhov kev ntxhov siab zoo li no. Feem ntau, qhov loj dua qhov loj ntawm seem steel, qhov ntau dua qhov seem ntawm qhov kev ntxhov siab. Txawm hais tias qhov seem ntawm kev ntxhov siab yog qhov sib npaug ntawm tus kheej, nws tseem muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tswv cuab steel nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sab nraud quab yuam. Piv txwv li, nws yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau deformation, stability, qaug zog, thiab lwm yam.
Saum toj no:
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov txias dov thiab kub dov yog qhov kub ntawm cov txheej txheem dov. "Cold" txhais tau tias qhov kub thiab txias, thiab "kub" txhais tau tias kub siab.
Los ntawm kev pom metallological, ciam teb ntawm txias dov thiab kub dov yuav tsum txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm recrystallization. Ntawd yog, dov hauv qab qhov kub ntawm recrystallization yog txias dov, thiab dov saum toj no lub recrystallization kub yog kub dov. Lub recrystallization kub ntawm steel yog 450-600 degree .
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kub dov thiab txias dov yog:
1. Cov tsos thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw:
Txij li thaum lub phaj txias yog tau los ntawm lub phaj kub tom qab lub txias dov txheej txheem, thiab ib co nto tiav yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub nto zoo (xws li nto roughness) ntawm lub txias phaj yog zoo dua li ntawm cov kub phaj. , yog li cov khoom Yog tias muaj kev xav tau ntau dua rau cov txheej txheem zoo xws li kev pleev xim tom ntej, cov phaj txias feem ntau xaiv, thiab cov phaj kub tau muab faib ua cov phaj pickled thiab cov phaj tsis xaiv. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov phaj pickled muaj ib txwm xim hlau vim yog pickling, tab sis nws tsis yog Qhov saum npoo yog txias-dov, yog li qhov saum npoo tseem tsis siab npaum li lub phaj txias, thiab qhov saum npoo ntawm cov phaj tsis-pickled feem ntau muaj. oxide txheej, blackening, los yog txheej dub ntawm ferric hlau tetroxide. Nyob rau hauv cov lus layman, nws zoo li nws tau ci los ntawm hluav taws, thiab yog tias qhov chaw cia khoom tsis zoo, feem ntau nws yuav muaj xeb me ntsis.
2. Kev ua tau zoo: Feem ntau, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov phaj kub thiab cov phaj txias yog suav tias yog qhov tsis sib xws hauv engineering, txawm hais tias muaj qee yam kev ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm cov hlau txias hauv cov txheej txheem txias dov, (tab sis cov kev cai nruj ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab tsis yog. txiav tawm., ces nws yuav tsum tau kho txawv), qhov tawm los lub zog ntawm lub phaj txias feem ntau yog me ntsis siab dua li ntawm lub phaj kub, thiab lub hardness saum npoo kuj siab dua, txoj kev tshwj xeeb nyob ntawm qhov degree ntawm annealing. lub phaj txias. Tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, lub zog ntawm annealed txias phaj yog siab dua li ntawm lub phaj kub.
3. Formability Txij li qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov phaj kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis sib txawv, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm formability nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo. Txij li qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw zoo dua los ntawm cov phaj txias, feem ntau hais lus, steel phaj ntawm tib cov khoom, cov nyhuv ntawm cov phaj txias yog zoo dua li ntawm cov phaj kub.
