Thaum cov ntawv hlau tau khoov thiab flattened, ib sab ntawm cov khoom siv yuav raug muab ncua thiab ib sab yuav raug muab zaws. Qhov cuam tshuam cuam tshuam yog: cov khoom siv, cov khoom tuab, cov khoom siv kho cua sov thiab ua lub kaum sab xis khoov.
Kev nthuav dav suav txoj hauv kev:
1. Cov txheej txheej sab nrauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug rau lub zog tensile thaum txheej txheem khoov, thiab txheej sab hauv raug rau kev nyuab siab. Los ntawm kev nruj rau kev nrawm, muaj txheej txheej hloov pauv uas tsis yog qhov nro lossis qhov sib zog hu ua txheej nruab nrab; txheej nruab nrab yog nyob rau hauv txheej txheem khoov Qhov ntev yog tib yam li ua ntej khoov, yog li txheej nruab nrab yog lub hauv paus rau kev suav qhov nthuav dav ntawm qhov khoov ib feem.
2. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm txheej nruab nrab yog cuam tshuam nrog qib ntawm deformation. Thaum khoov vojvoog loj dua thiab khoov kaum sab xis yog me dua, qib kev deformation me dua. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm txheej nruab nrab yog nyob ze rau nruab nrab ntawm daim ntawv tuab; thaum dabtsi yog khoov vojvoog ua me dua, lub dabtsi yog khoov lub kaum sab xis nce. Thaum nws loj, qib ntawm kev hloov pauv nce ntxiv, thiab txoj haujlwm ntawm txheej nruab nrab maj mam txav mus rau sab hauv sab ntawm qhov chaw khoov. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm txheej nruab nrab mus rau sab sab hauv ntawm daim ntawv yog sawv cev los ntawm λ.
Cov mis yooj yim rau kev nthuav dav nthuav dav:
Unfolded ntev=sab hauv cov khoom + sab hauv cov khoom + cov nyiaj them rov qab
