Raws li Edgecam intelligent programming system, daim ntawv no tshawb nrhiav cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse rau kev ua haujlwm siab - precision machining, tsom rau kev siv hauv cov cheeb tsam xws li kev paub meej meej, kev ua kom zoo dua qub, thiab txiav kev ruaj ntseg. Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj kev kawm uas suav nrog kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm -tus kav hlau txais xov qhov tseeb-featuring ib qho ultra-nqus reflective nto (surface roughness Ra < 0.2 μm) nyob rau pem hauv ntej thiab siab -aspect- piv, complex-cov ntaub ntawv zoo li cov txheej txheem rov qab, tag nrho cov kab noj hniav Kev siv, kev hloov pauv parameter, thiab simulation pov thawj. Cov txiaj ntsig ua tau pom tau tias qhov kev ua haujlwm txawj ntse uas sib txuas cov txheej txheem kev paub nrog kev tswj hwm kev hloov pauv tau zoo txhim kho qhov ruaj khov thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm qhov chaw, muab txoj hauv kev zoo kom ua tiav "txoj cai-thawj- lub sijhawm" ntau lawm rau siab -cov khoom muaj tseeb.
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Taw qhia
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam siab -kawg cov cuab yeej tsim khoom, cov kev xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb tau dhau los ua nruj dua. Piv txwv li, siab - cov kav hlau txais xov zoo hauv aerospace, lub taub hau sib koom ua ke hauv cov ntawv kho mob, thiab cov iav hauv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag feem ntau xav tau kev tswj xyuas qhov ntev ntawm ± 0.005 hli thiab qhov roughness Ra tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.2 μm. Xws li siab- qhov tseeb qhov tseeb feem ntau yog qhov nyuaj rau- rau- cov khoom siv tshuab (xws li, titanium alloys, superalloys), cov qauv nyuaj (dawb-cov ntaub ntawv, cov phab ntsa nyias), thiab tsis tshua muaj rigidity [1], ua CNC machining thiab programming nyuaj heev.
Cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ib txwm cia siab rau kev txiav txim siab rov ua dua thiab phau ntawv nplua -tu los ntawm engineers; cov kev qhia no tsis yog lub sijhawm xwb -siv thiab kim tab sis kuj tawm tsam kom ntseeg tau batch-rau-batch sib xws. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm ua tiav, txawm me me toolpath deviations los yog txiav vibrations yuav ua rau irreversible kam rau ua txhaum cai. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua sai sai rau cov txheej txheem kev txawj ntse uas muaj peev xwm sib koom ua ke siab - cov txheej txheem kev paub tseeb kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ruaj khov thiab tswj tau [2]. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntse CAM systems zoo li Edgecam tau tshaj tawm cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm siab - precision machining, refined toolpath control, thiab cov txheej txheem tawm tswv yim mechanisms, muab txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev ua haujlwm rau siab -cov khoom muaj tseeb.
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Kev Siv Lub Ntsiab Tseem Ceeb ntawm Edgecam hauv High-Precision Programming
2.1 Siab -Fidelity Toolpath Generation Technology
Edgecam ua rau lub cim ntawm kev ua tiav cov cuab yeej uas ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej trajectory thiab thawj CAD nto [3]. Rau kev ua tiav saum npoo, lub kaw lus txhawb nqa cov tswv yim xws li flowline milling thiab kauv xov, ua kom cov cuab yeej du txav raws qhov kev taw qhia ntawm curvature thiab zam qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm kev hloov pauv sai. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub kaw lus muaj "adaptive stepover" muaj nuj nqi uas cia li densifies toolpaths nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog high curvature variation thaum sib nrug lawv nyob rau hauv flatter cheeb tsam, yog li ntsuas precision thiab efficiency.
2.2 Cov Tsev Qiv Ntawv Tshwj Xeeb Ua tiav Cov Tswv Yim
Lub Edgecam intelligent programming system suav nrog ua -hauv cov qauv zoo tsim los rau siab - precision machining, xws li: ① Nthuav nti load tiav: Ua kom ruaj khov txiav quab yuam los ntawm kev ua kom cov khoom noj ntawm tus hniav thiab qhov tob ntawm kev txiav tsis tu ncua. ② Climb milling lub tswv yim tseem ceeb: Ua kom nce milling thaum twg cov xwm txheej tso cai kom txo cov cuab yeej deflection thiab deg tearing. ③ Multi-axis simultaneous smoothing: Leverages qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm 5-axis tshuab cov cuab yeej los tswj cov cuab yeej zoo nkag lub kaum sab xis, yog li txhim kho qhov zoo. Programmers tuaj yeem xaiv cov tswv yim tsim nyog raws li hom ib feem, txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm tau zoo.
2.3 Xyuas kom txiav cov txheej txheem ruaj khov
High - precision machining yog rhiab heev rau kev co; Edgecam txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv qab no: ① Tool overhang optimization: Tsis siv neeg pom zoo kom luv luv ua tau zoo overhang ntev los ua kom lub cev rigidity. ② Spindle ceev vibration zam: zam resonant ceev ranges los ntawm factoring nyob rau hauv lub tshuab cuab tam zaus teb cov yam ntxwv. ③ Adaptive feed controls: Saib xyuas txiav cov loads tiag tiag - lub sij hawm thiab cia li txo qhov ceev thaum ntsib cov chaw nyuaj los yog cov ces kaum kom tiv thaiv overloading instantaneous [4].
2.4 Codification thiab Reuse of Manufacturing Knowledge
Edgecam hloov pauv kev paub tsis meej rau hauv kev paub meej ntawm "Tus Thawj Coj Tus Thawj Coj." Piv txwv li, "cov tswv yim ua kom tiav rau nyias- cov phab ntsa titanium alloy qhov chaw" tuaj yeem muab ntim rau hauv cov txheej txheem txheej txheem txheej txheem pob uas muaj cov cai rau cov cuab yeej, txiav tsis tau (txiav ceev, pub rau ib tus hniav), cov txheej txheem txias, thiab cov lus qhia pub. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tshiab tsuas tuaj yeem xaiv lub tswv yim no los tsim cov kev pab cuam mus rau cov kws tshaj lij- qib kev ua tau zoo, yog li txo qis kev cia siab ntawm tus kheej qib kev txawj ntse. 03
Daim ntawv thov Case: Integrated High-Precision Machining ntawm High-Precision Antenna
3.1 Cov yam ntxwv thiab cov kev sib tw
Lub siab- kav hlau txais xov precision (saib daim duab 1) muaj ib tug concave parabolic reflective nto nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej thiab ib tug irregularly zoo li kab noj hniav nyob rau tom qab; tag nrho cov khoom yog machined raws li ib chav tsev los ntawm 7075-T6 aluminium alloy. ① Pem hauv ntej sab: Concave paraboloid; Qhov kev xav tau ntawm qhov roughness yog zoo dua 0.2 μm, thiab profile kam rau ua tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.015 hli. ② Sab nraub qaum: Cov kab noj hniav tsis zoo nrog qhov sib piv (qhov tob- rau-dav) siab li 26: 1 (kab noj hniav qhov tob kwv yees li . 52 hli, phab ntsa tuab tsuas yog 2 hli). ③ Cov qauv: Sab pem hauv ntej thiab sab nraub qaum yog txuas nrog nruab nrab 2 hli tuab txuas tav; Tag nrho cov qauv rigidity yog qhov tsis zoo, ua rau nws yooj yim rau deformation. ④ Dimensions: Tag nrho qhov ntev yog 105 hli × 520 hli × 550 hli.
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a) Pem hauv ntej
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b) Sab nraum qab
Daim duab 1 Schematic daim duab ntawm lub siab - tus qauv kav hlau txais xov precision
3.2 Kev Ua Haujlwm Kev Txawj Ntse Raws li Edgecam
Txhawm rau hais txog cov yam ntxwv nyuaj ntawm ntu no, txoj kev tshawb fawb no siv "kev thov tswv yim + kev nplua hauv zos-tuning" programming mus rau hauv Edgecam software ib puag ncig. Cov kauj ruam ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) Tus Qauv Ntshuam thiab Kev Pom Zoo: Tua tawm Edgecam software thiab import tus qauv 3D ntawm tus kav hlau txais xov hauv STEP hom. Daim duab 2 qhia txog milling ib puag ncig teeb tsa interface hauv Edgecam. Siv Edgecam's "Automatic Feature Recognition" muaj nuj nqi, lub kaw lus cia li txheeb xyuas qhov "sov cheeb tsam" nyob rau pem hauv ntej, "qhov tob kab noj hniav" nyob rau sab nraum qab, thiab "nyias-walled txuas tav" nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Lub software cia li categorizes txawv geometric nta rau hauv sib xws machining pawg, nteg lub hauv paus rau tom ntej zoo sib xws [5].
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Daim duab 2 Edgecam milling ib puag ncig teeb interface
(2) Rough Machining Strategy Application: Hauv qhov "Milling" module, thov ua ntej -configured "High-Efficiency Aluminium Roughing" pob zoo. Xaiv qhov "Trochoidal Milling" algorithm. Teem lub radial txiav dav rau 12% ntawm lub cuab tam txoj kab uas hla thiab axial txiav qhov tob mus rau 60% ntawm lub cuab tam txoj kab uas hla. Lub kaw lus cia li tsim ib txoj hauv kev nkag helical nrog kev thauj khoom tas li kom tshem tawm 95% ntawm cov khoom lag luam sai sai thaum tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau ntawm nyias- cov qauv phab ntsa, tawm hauv 0.3 hli ua tiav nyiaj.
(3) Semi-ua tiav thiab txo qhov kev ntxhov siab: Lub tswv yim "Constant Z-level Profiling" yog siv los ua cov txheej txheem semi- ua tiav ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov kab noj hniav sib sib zog nqus. Ib kauj ruam - nqes ntawm 0.5 mm thiab xaiv hom pub unidirectional. Qhov no ua kom cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom seem thiab tso tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv tsim thaum lub sij hawm roughing, yog li tiv thaiv deformation los ntawm kev ntxhov siab tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm ua tiav.
(4) Kev ua tiav ntawm lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag: Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom lub ntsej muag roughness tus nqi ntawm Ra tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.2 μm. Lub tswv yim tshwj xeeb "High-Smooth Flowline" yog xaiv los ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv zoo. Ib qho R5 hli ib zaug -pob zeb diamond pob zeb diamond- kawg zeb raug xaiv los ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv cov cuab yeej, thiab lub kaw lus cia li sib phim cov cuab yeej nrog rau cov kev txwv sab sauv rau spindle ceev thiab pub tus nqi. Cov tsis tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no: txiav ceev (vc) teem rau 180 m / min; pub ib tus hniav (f) teem rau 0.015 mm/z; thiab kauj ruam-dhau (ae) teem rau 0.1 mm (kwv yees li 2% ntawm cov cuab yeej vojvoog). Kev tswj txoj hauv kev: "Force Unidirectional Cutting" kev xaiv yog xaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov cuab yeej cim los ntawm kev txiav bidirectional, thiab "Adaptive Feed" muaj peev xwm ua kom txo tau tus nqi pub rau 60% ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev hloov pauv sai sai. Simulation pov thawj: Edgecam's built-nyob rau hauv "Machine Simulation" module yog siv los simulate 5-axis simultaneous machining txheej txheem thiab xyuas rau kev cuam tshuam los yog gouging. Lub simulation paub meej tias cov cuab yeej axis tseem nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ib txwm nyob txhua lub sijhawm, tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib tsoo. Lub simulation interface rau pem hauv ntej-sab tiav yog qhia hauv daim duab 3.
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Daim duab 3 Simulation interface rau pem hauv ntej - sab tiav
(5) Kev ua tiav ntawm cov kab noj hniav sib sib zog nqus ntawm sab nraub qaum: Rau cov kab noj hniav tsis tu ncua nrog qhov tob - mus rau - dav piv ntawm 26: 1, "Deep Cavity Peck Milling" yog xaiv. Cov tswv yim no suav nrog kev ruaj khov -axis machining lub ntsej muag xaiv, txawm hais tias qee cov ntsiab lus xav tau zoo- kho raws li qhov tseeb. Lub carbide kawg zeb nrog qhov ntev 12: 1 - mus rau - txoj kab uas hla yog siv, siv lub tswv yim ntawm ntiav txiav qhov tob (0.2 hli) thiab siab pub tus nqi siab. Lub "chip evacuation lift" muaj nuj nqi tau qhib, cia li thim lub cuab yeej kom tshem tawm cov chips txhua txhua 0.6 hli ntawm kev txiav qhov tob kom tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tawg lossis nto khawb los ntawm nti clogging. Daim duab 4 qhia qhov simulation interface rau qhov thim rov qab-sab tiav toolpath.
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Daim duab 4 Simulation interface rau qhov thim rov qab - sab tiav toolpath
3.3 Machining Cov txiaj ntsig thiab tshuaj xyuas
(1) Qhov tseeb Machining: Tus tsim NC code tau pauv mus rau 5-axis machining chaw rau ntau lawm. Cov txheej txheem machining tau ruaj khov, tsis muaj kev vibration lossis suab nrov, thiab qhov siab -qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm lub hauv ntej yog zoo ib yam thiab zoo. Daim duab 5 qhia qhov ze-up ntawm machined pem hauv ntej sab.
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Daim duab 5 Kaw - ntawm lub tshuab ua ntej sab
(2) Precision Inspection: Tom qab machining, thawj ntu tau soj ntsuam tag nrho (saib daim duab 6).
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Daim duab 6 CMM tshuaj xyuas
1) Surface Roughness Inspection: A Mitutoyo SJ-410 portable deg roughness tester tau siv los ntsuas tsib qhov chaw sib txawv ntawm qhov cuam tshuam. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom qhov nruab nrab Ra tus nqi ntawm 0.098 μm thoob plaws tsib qhov kev ntsuas, nrog tus nqi siab tshaj plaws tsis tshaj 0.11 μm-ntau tshaj qhov tsim nyog ntawm Ra Less tshaj lossis sib npaug ntawm 0.2 μm.
2) Dimensional and Geometric Tolerance Inspection: A Hexagon Global S 07.10.07 CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) tau siv los tsim kom muaj ib feem ntawm qhov kev sib koom ua ke.
3) Profile Tolerance: Lub pem hauv ntej parabolic nto tau soj ntsuam; Qhov ntsuas qhov yuam kev yog 0.012 hli, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.015 hli.
4) Kev kam rau ua: Lub qhov mounting ntawm sab nraub qaum raug ntsuas; qhov yuam kev ntawm qhov chaw yog 0.022 hli, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.03 hli.
5) Consistency Verification: Peb qhov chaw tau machined consecutively; Cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam tau pom tias tus qauv sib txawv rau qhov loj me me yog tsawg dua 0.003 hli, ua kom pom kev ua haujlwm zoo sib xws.
3.4 Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv
Txhawm rau ua tiav kev siv cov programming ntse hauv siab -kev tsim khoom, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum raug sau tseg. (1) Cov cuab yeej siv lub hauv paus thiab txiav cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa: Kev txawj ntse tsis tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau cov kev txwv kho vajtse; Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov tsis xws li tshuab cuab yeej geometric raug, spindle runout, thiab cov cuab yeej dynamic tshuav raws li qhov yuav tsum tau rau siab - precision machining.
(2) Kev tswj kom txias thiab ib puag ncig: Kev siv qhov kub thiab txias - tswj kev cob qhia thiab siab - siab txias sab hauv yog pom zoo kom txo qis thermal drift.
(3) Kev simulation thiab kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb: Txawm tias thaum siv cov tswv yim txawj ntse, simulations siv lub tshuab virtual yuav tsum tau ua los xyuas seb puas muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab dhau - txiav.
(4) Kev ua kom zoo dua qub ntxiv: Ib qho kev txwv ntawm phau ntawv kev cuam tshuam yuav raug khaws cia thaum lub sijhawm pib, nrog rau kev hloov pauv mus rau tag nrho automation tshwm sim tsuas yog tom qab lub tsev qiv ntawv zoo tshaj plaws.
