35CD4 siab- lub zog steel yog dav siv nyob rau hauv precision cylindrical qhov chaw ntawm aerospace vim nws cov kev ua tau zoo heev, tab sis nws muaj kev nyuaj nyuaj xws li siab hardness, siab txiav nyuaj, yooj yim deformation ntawm nyias-walled qhov chaw, thiab nruj kam rau ua yuav tsum tau. Nyob rau hauv teb rau cov teeb meem kev, ib tug lean machining scheme npog ntau yam txheej txheem yog tsim los ntawm combining cov khoom yam ntxwv nrog rau precision qhov ntev thiab tshwj xeeb txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ntawm cov khoom. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qhov tsis muaj thiab cov cuab yeej ntawm cov kev sib txuas tseem ceeb xws li sab nraud tig, sab hauv tho txawv, oblique qhov thiab bearing qhov machining nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem machining, thiab kho qhov sib lawv liag ntawm txhaj tshuaj peening thiab honing, cov teeb meem xws li machining deformation thiab dimensional deviation tau daws. Thaum kawg, ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom tsim tau tiav, thiab cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv siv rau machining ntawm precision qhov nyuaj ntawm -rau- txiav cov ntaub ntawv.
PART 1
Taw qhia
Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv aerospace yog nyob ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm machining thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb[1]. High- lub zog steel 35CD4 tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov tseeb cylindrical qhov chaw ntawm aerospace vim nws cov yam ntxwv zoo heev xws li lub zog siab thiab siab hardenability. Txawm li cas los xij, lub siab txiav quab yuam thiab kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv no, ua ke nrog cov duab tsis tu ncua thiab yooj yim deformable, thiab qhov nruj precision dimensional kam rau ua ntawm cov cylindrical qhov chaw, ua rau muaj kev sib tw tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem machining.
Txhawm rau kov yeej qhov kev sib tw ntau lawm, daim ntawv no tsom mus rau cov khoom siv ntawm 35CD4 thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv cylindrical, thiab ua kev tshawb fawb txog cov txheej txheem machining lean. Los ntawm cov kev ntsuas ntau, suav nrog kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem tsim, txhim kho kev xaiv cov cuab yeej, thiab kho cov cuab yeej machining, cov teeb meem tseem ceeb xws li machining deformation thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv tau raug daws, ua rau muaj kev ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha ntau lawm.
Daim ntawv no systematically tshuaj xyuas cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov tswv yim thiab cov txheej txheem pov thawj ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no, txhawm rau muab cov ntaub ntawv siv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov zoo sib xws hauv aerospace precision qhov chaw.
PART 2
Txheej Txheem Yam ntxwv ntawm Aerospace Precision Cylindrical Parts
Ib qho aerospace precision cylindrical ib feem uas tsim los ntawm peb lub tuam txhab yog ua los ntawm 35CD4, thiab nws cov duab yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 1. Qhov no yog ib tug irregularly zoo li tus, nws tshwj xeeb qauv yog prone deformation, thiab nws cov phab ntsa thickness kuj nyias. Kev ua siab ntev rau lub qhov hauv lub qhov thiab lub voj voog sab nraud yog nruj me ntsis, qhov bearing qhov ntawm lub lug yog lub qhov precision, thiab ib feem muaj oblique qhov nyob rau hauv, ua rau kev tswj ntawm lwm yam dimensional tolerances nyuaj. Cov yam ntxwv thev naus laus zis ntawm qhov cylindrical no feem ntau yog tshwm sim hauv cov hauv qab no.
Daim duab 1. Sab nraud zoo li cylindrical ib feem
2.1 Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom
(1) Hlau yam ntxwv
35CD4 siab-lub zog alloy hlau yog ib qho siv nruab nrab -carbon nickel-chromium-molybdenum steel hauv kev lag luam aerospace. Nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg tau qhia hauv Table 1. Piv nrog rau lwm cov hlau, cov hlau no muaj qhov tshwj xeeb zoo hauv tshuaj, lub cev thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
Table 1. Alloy cov ntsiab lus thiab tsis muaj 35CD4 (tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg)
(2) Cov yam ntxwv ntawm 35CD4
Feem ntau suav nrog plaub lub ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
① Siab zog. Vim tias nws yog ib qho qis-carbon, qis- alloy steel, nws muaj zog ntau dua li tsis yog- alloy steel, li no nws hu ua "low- alloy high-lub zog steel".
② High yield zog. Nws cov ntsiab lus tawm los yog siab dua ntawm cov hlau tsis yog - alloy steel. Nyob rau hauv tib lub load, qhov hnyav ntawm qhov chaw ua los ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem txo los ntawm 20% mus rau 30%.
③ Zoo plasticity thiab toughness. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloy yog qhov tsawg, muab cov khoom zoo plasticity thiab toughness. ④ High hardenability. Cov hlau muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj cov ntsiab lus xws li npib tsib xee, chromium, thiab molybdenum, uas tuaj yeem khaws cov supercooled austenite ntawm cov hlau ruaj khov heev. Martensite thiab bainite cov qauv tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm huab cua quenching.
(3) Cov khoom siv ua cov yam ntxwv. Cov khoom no feem ntau muaj ob txoj kev kho cua sov: normalizing + tempering thiab quenching + tempering. Lub hardness sib haum rau ob lub xeev no yog qhia nyob rau hauv Table 2.
Table 2 Khoom Hardness
Raws li tau pom los ntawm Table 2, lub hardness thiab tensile lub zog ntawm cov khoom no yog ob qho tib si nyob rau theem siab. Nws kuj yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus xws li chromium thiab manganese. Cov xwm txheej no ua ke ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm, thiab nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev -rau- cov khoom siv tshuab. Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yog cov hauv qab no:
1) Siab txiav quab yuam. Cov khoom muaj hardness siab thiab lub zog, siab atomic ceev thiab sib khi quab yuam, thiab zoo heev tawg toughness thiab ntev -lub sij hawm plasticity. Thaum lub sij hawm txiav cov txheej txheem, tsis tsuas yog txiav quab yuam loj, tab sis txiav quab yuam kuj fluctuates ho [2].
2) Siab txiav kub. Kev txiav deformation siv ntau lub zog thiab ua kom muaj cua sov ntau. Ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm tej tshav kub yog concentrated nyob rau hauv lub txiav cheeb tsam, ua ib tug siab - kub ib puag ncig.
3) Siab nyiam rau kev ua haujlwm hardening. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo plasticity thiab toughness, nrog rau siab zog coefficient. Raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev txiav quab yuam thiab txiav cov cua sov, nws dhau los ua cov yas deformation hnyav, ua rau kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txiav cov cua sov ua rau cov khoom nqus hydrogen, oxygen, thiab nitrogen atoms los ntawm ib puag ncig nruab nrab, tsim cov txheej txheej nyuaj thiab nkig, ntxiv rau qhov nyuaj ntawm kev txiav.
4) Cov cuab yeej hnyav hnyav. High txiav quab yuam thiab qhov kub thiab txias thaum txiav ua kom muaj kev sib txhuam ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab cov chips, thiab cov cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim rau kev sib cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Ua ke nrog cov khoom muaj zog hauv cov khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm hnyav, lub cuab yeej muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov nplaum hnav, diffusion hnav, abrasive hnav, ciam hnav, thiab grooved hnav thaum txiav, thaum kawg poob nws lub peev xwm txiav.
5) Nyuaj nti tuav. Cov khoom siv lub zog siab, plasticity, thiab toughness ua rau ribbon -zoo li, entangled chips thaum txiav, ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb, cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem txiav, thiab ua rau khawb ntawm qhov chaw, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm qhov roughness.
6) Loj txiav deformation. Kev kub txiav thiab cov khoom siv siab plasticity thaum lub sij hawm machining yooj yim ua rau thermal deformation, ua rau nws nyuaj rau lav qhov ntev thiab cov duab.
(4) Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Khoom Siv Kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv raw tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev kho cua sov thiab ua kom sov, lub forging dawb paug yuav tsum tau ntxhib- tshuab ua ntej kev kho cua sov kom ntseeg tau tias phab ntsa tuab ntawm txhua tus ntoo khaub lig- ntu yog<30mm. Simultaneously, a datum is machined on the rough-machined blank to facilitate the connection between rough and finish machining processes. The blank and the rough-machined shape of the part are shown in Figures 2 and 3, respectively.
Daim duab 2: Dawb
Daim duab 3: Rough-machined shape
2.2 Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem Qhov no muaj ob peb lub siab - qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav. Cov txheej txheem ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm kev txiav txim siab tag nrho cov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom zoo. Lub ntsiab precision qhov ntev ntawm ib feem yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 4.
Daim duab 4: Main Precision Dimensions ntawm Part
(1) Precision Outer Diameter Lub precision sab nraud txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj yog mm, nrog ib tug kam rau siab cheeb tsam ntawm tsuas yog 0.022mm; lub puab qhov loj yog φ83.37mm, sib xws rau phab ntsa thickness ntawm 2.81mm. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom ntev ntev yog nruj, cov phab ntsa yog nyias, thiab kev ua haujlwm nyuaj siab heev. (2) Precision puab qhov: Lub precision puab lub qhov muaj ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm φ mm thiab ib tug kam rau ua ntawm 0.04 hli. Lub coaxiality yuav tsum tau ntawm lub puab lub qhov txheeb ze ntawm lub voj voog sab nraud yog φ0.04 hli, qhov yuav tsum tau cylindricity yog φ0.02 hli, thiab lub qhov tob yog 287.5 hli.
(3) Extended Slanted Hole: Raws li pom hauv daim duab 5, lub qhov slanted nyob rau ntawm pob ntseg txoj hauj lwm ntawm ib feem muaj ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm mm thiab lub kaum sab xis ntawm 45℃nrog rau ib feem axis. Thaum machining lub qhov no, lub tshuab cuab yeej spindle yuav tsum tau hloov kho rau lub kaum sab xis 45℃nrog rau feem. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv, yuav tsum muaj qhov ntev overhang qauv rau cov cuab yeej machining, uas yog ib qho kev sib tw loj hauv machining qhov no.
Daim duab 5: Extended Slanted Qhov thiab Bearing Qhov
(4) Bearing Hole: Raws li pom hauv daim duab 5, qhov bearing qhov ntawm pob ntseg muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm mm. Qhov no tsuas yog machined los ntawm sab laug kawg lub ntsej muag ntawm ib feem. Lub cuab yeej overhang loj, thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis, ua rau nws nyuaj los lav qhov tseeb qhov tseeb . 2.3 Cov Txheej Txheem Tshwj Xeeb
Ntxiv nrog rau cov txheej txheem ua tiav saum toj no, ntu no yuav tsum tau ua ntau yam tshwj xeeb, raws li hauv qab no:
1) Shot peening. Qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj peening yog qhov sab nraud ntawm ib feem, tab sis sab nraud txoj kab uas hla nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm φmm yuav tsum tau zam. Txhaj peening ntawm lub puab lub qhov yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub.
2) Chromium plating. Lub chromium plating cheeb tsam yog lub puab qhov nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm φmm. Lub chromium txheej thickness yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 20 thiab 25 μm.
3) Cadmium plating. Qhov chaw cadmium plating yog txhua qhov chaw tshwj tsis yog thaj chaw chromium plating.
4) painting. Qhov chaw pleev xim yog lub sab nraud ntawm ib feem, tab sis sab nraud txoj kab uas hla nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm φmm yuav tsum tau zam.
PART 3
Aircraft Precision Lub tog raj kheej Machining txheej txheem tsim
Raws li kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov khoom siv, qhov ntev precision, thiab cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tog raj kheej no, cov txheej txheem kev npaj tau qhia hauv Table 3.
Table 3 Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem
PART 4
Aircraft Precision Lub tog raj kheej Machining txheej txheem pov thawj
4.1 Kev ua tiav ntawm lub pob ntseg sab nraud
35CD4 cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog adhesion, ua rau chip breakage nyuaj thaum machining. Thaum siv cov khoom siv qis qis, cov cim sib sib zog nqus pom tshwm rau ntawm lub ntsej muag kawg ntawm qhov, uas ua rau lub ntsej muag tawg ntawm cov khoom nto. Yuav kom daws tau qhov teeb meem no, sab nraud tig machining tsis yuav tsum tau kho. Qhov tshwj xeeb optimization tsis muaj nyob rau hauv Table 4. Los ntawm parameter optimization, txiav cov qhab nia ntawm lub ntsej muag kawg ntawm ib feem raug tshem tawm, lub ntsej muag kawg ntawm lub ntsej muag yog du, thiab cov machining zoo tseem zoo ib yam ntawm qhov chaw mus rau ntug. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub ntsej muag lub xeev yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 6.
Table 4 Xaus Lub ntsej muag tig Parameter Optimization
Daim duab 6 Lub Xeev Tom Qab Xaus Lub ntsej muag tiav tig
4.2 Precision Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla tig
Lub 14th CNC tig lub lag luam yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv machining qhov no. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no siv tus kheej - nruab nrab chuck thiab ib qho chaw so los txhawb txoj kab nruab nrab sab nraud. Cov kev cai machining tshwj xeeb muaj nyob rau hauv daim duab 7. Lub precision sab nraud txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov kam rau ua yog 0.024mm, thiab machining yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv peb theem. Qhov tshwj xeeb machining tsis muaj nyob rau hauv Table 5. Vim yog lub siab viscosity ntawm cov khoom, yuav tsum muaj ib tug ntse sab nraud tig insert. Qhov xav tau ntxig taub lub vojvoog yog R0.2mm. Yog hais tias qhov ntxig ntxig lub vojvoog loj dhau, qhov kev xav tau ntawm qhov roughness ntawm qhov tsis tuaj yeem lav.
Daim duab 7 Qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau CNC xa cov txheej txheem Table 5 Optimization ntawm sab nraud tig tsis Tom qab ua tiav, lub sab nraud txoj kab uas hla yog 88.85 ~ 88.89mm, uas tshaj qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm daim duab. Ua ntej nrhiav qhov laj thawj, tib txoj hauv kev los kho qhov loj me yog tawm ntawm cov npoo ntawm sab nraud thiab tom qab ntawd manually polish nws. Tom qab kev tsom xam, lub roundness ntawm sab nraud txoj kab uas hla txhawb los ntawm qhov chaw so thaum lub sij hawm clamping yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev sib hloov ntawm qhov [3]. Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau siab precision siab, qhov kev cuam tshuam no tseem ceeb heev. Lub clamping sab nraud txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov tawm - ntawm- qhov kam rau ua tau ntsuas, thiab nws qhov hloov pauv yog 0.020 ~ 0.035mm, uas yog ib txwm zoo ib yam nrog rau qhov tawm - ntawm - kam rau ua hloov pauv ntawm sab nraud ntawm qhov. Yuav kom daws tau qhov teeb meem no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txhim kho thiab kho cov kev cai ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tig sab nraud ntawm tus txheej txheem 11th, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tseeb tias lub roundness ntawm sab nraud yuav tswj tsis pub dhau 0.01 hli. Cov kev txhim kho tshwj xeeb tau pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 8. Tom qab ntxiv cov kev cai tswj kev hloov pauv mus rau txheej txheem 11th, qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov kab hlau sab nraud tig rau hauv txoj kev 14th tau txhim kho zoo heev. Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab sab nraud tau txo mus rau 88.865–88.875 mm, thiab cov deformation tuaj yeem tswj tau hauv 0.01 hli. Tsis muaj kev hloov kho hauv zos los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev tiv thaiv sab nraud tau ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ruaj ntseg tau txheeb xyuas tias ib qho cuab yeej txiav ib leeg tuaj yeem ruaj khov tshuab plaub ntu; Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb qhov tseeb tsis tuaj yeem lav tom qab siv lub cuab yeej.
Daim duab 8: Kev Txhim Kho Kom Zoo Rau Cov Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem
4.3 Txhim kho kev txhim kho hauv qab ntawm lub qhov hauv qab
Thaum lub sij hawm CNC tig txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub 14th txheej txheem, ib tug machining defect tshwm nyob rau hauv qab ntawm ib feem, manifested raws li ib tug residual thawj coj nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1 hli thiab ib tug siab ntawm 0.3 hli, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 9. thawj machining npaj yog siv ib tug ca -kawg zeb kom tshem tawm lub hauv qab tshaj, ces siv ib tug loj meter, borle thiab aligning lub cuab tam thaum kawg {5}. hauv qab. Thaum tshem tawm cov nyiaj hauv qab siv lub tshuab txiav milling, cov cuab yeej khiav tawm yuav tsum tau tswj tsis pub dhau 0.01 hli. Txawm li cas los xij, vim lub me me bevel nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub tiaj tus -kawg zeb, hauv qab ntawm qhov tsis tuaj yeem machined mus rau lub tiaj tiaj. Lub tiaj tus-kawg zeb yog qhia hauv daim duab 10.
Daim duab 9: Hauv qab tsis zoo
Daim duab 10: Flat-end Mill
Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, cov txheej txheem machining tau ua kom zoo dua los ntawm kev hloov hauv qab nrog me me - txoj kab uas hla boring cutter, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 11. Machining kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua pov thawj tias siv lub tshuab tho txawv los tho qhov hauv qab kom tshem tawm tus thawj coj tsis xws luag.
Daim duab 11: Ntxiv tho txawv Cutter
4.4 Internal Qhov Tig Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo
Thaum lub sij hawm 14th CNC tig lub lag luam, lub puab qhov tho txawv tawm ib 0.05 hli nyiaj pub rau ib sab rau honing tom ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab tho txawv, ntau yam tsis zoo tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub qhov. Cov yam tsis xws luag thiab kev faib ua feem yog qhia nyob rau hauv Table 6. Cov kev tsis xws no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj rau cov txheej txheem honing tom ntej.
Table 6. Hom thiab feem pua
Kev soj ntsuam tau qhia peb lub ntsiab ntawm qhov tsis xws luag: Ua ntej, txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov cuab yeej tho txawv me me dhau, ua rau cov cuab yeej tsis txaus thiab qhov tsis ruaj khov qhov ntev tom qab tho txawv. Qhov thib ob, cov khoom muaj viscosity siab, ua rau tsis ruaj khov txiav thiab cov nti tsis zoo tawg thaum siv cov txheej txheem ua tiav, nrog cov chips swirling ncig thiab khawb lub qhov phab ntsa. Thib peb, qhov txiav ceev yog tsawg dhau, ua tsis tau raws li qhov tseeb qhov tseeb thiab qhov xav tau ntawm qhov roughness.
Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no, kev ntsuas kev ua kom zoo hauv qab no tau ua tiav: Ua ntej, hloov cov cuab yeej tho txawv nrog ib txoj kab uas loj dua los txhim kho cov cuab yeej rigidity; qhov zoo tshaj plaws tho txawv cuab tam yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 12. Thib ob, ua kom cov txiav ceev kom nce qhov tob ntawm kev txiav hauv xov. Thib peb, ua kom zoo dua cov cua txias sab hauv kom tso cai rau cov kua txiav ncaj qha rau ntawm cov cuab yeej tho txawv. Kev sib piv ntawm cov cuab yeej optimization yog qhia nyob rau hauv Table 7.
Daim duab 12 Optimized Boring Tool
Table 7 Tool Optimization Sib piv
4.5 Optimization ntawm Extended Slanted Qhov
Hauv kev ua haujlwm thib 13, kab rov tav milling ntawm qhov txuas txuas ntxiv slanted qhov, thawj txoj kev npaj yog: siv lub φ6mm txuas ntxiv milling cutter kom loj lub qhov mus rau φ7.3mm, qhov tseeb lub qhov taub tom qab machining yog 7.1 ~ 7.2mm, nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm 0.1mm; Tom qab kho qhov kev pab cuam rau zeb rau φ7.5mm, lub qhov taub yog 7.35 ~ 7.42mm, thiab qhov hloov pauv tau txo mus rau 0.07mm; Thaum kawg, ib tug ncaj shank reamer tau siv los ua kom tiav, lub qhov taub yog 7.62 ~ 7.69mm, thiab qhov ntev tsis ruaj khov.
Hauv thawj qhov kev ua kom zoo, cov reamer tau hloov nrog lub cuab yeej tho txawv, thiab lub qhov taub tom qab machining yog 7.60 ~ 7.72mm, tshaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua siab ntev thiab ua rau cov khoom seem. Qhov kawg optimized txoj kev npaj yog: siv ib tug 7 hli txoj kab uas hla sib txawv - txoj kab uas hla milling cutter rau slanted qhov milling, lub pass tus nqi ntawm machined qhov chaw mus txog 100%. Cov cuab yeej rau txuas ntxiv slanted qhov machining yog qhia hauv daim duab 13.
a) Ncaj shank kawg zeb b) Ncaj shank reamer c) tho txawv cutter d) Variable inch kawg zeb Daim duab 13 Extended oblique qhov machining cov cuab yeej
4.6 Kev txhim kho ntawm bearing qhov machining
Nyob rau hauv 13th machining txheej txheem ntawm lub qhov bearing, lub qhov taub yuav tsum yog mm. Thawj txoj kev npaj yog: siv lub φ20mm kawg zeb rau zeb rau φ34.4mm, thiab tom qab ntawd siv lub tshuab txiav tho txawv los ua kom tiav qhov loj me. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab machining, cov cim vibration tau tshwm sim ntawm lub qhov phab ntsa, uas tsis tuaj yeem daws tau tom qab ntau qhov kev hloov pauv. Cov cuab yeej machining tau qhia hauv daim duab 14.
a) Boring cutter b) End zeb Daim duab 14 Bearing qhov machining cov cuab yeej
4.7 Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj peening ntawm qhov chaw
Thawj qhov precision qhov machining txoj kev npaj yog: CNC tig precision tho txawv ntawm lub puab lub qhov nrog ib tug 0.05mm nyiaj nyob rau ntawm ib sab, honing kom ib tug txoj kab uas hla kam rau ua ntawm 0.02 hli thiab ib tug cylindricity ntawm 0.02 hli, thiab thaum kawg tua peening ntawm lub sab nraud txoj kab uas hla ntawm ib feem. Txawm li cas los xij, txhaj tshuaj peening ua rau deformation ntawm lub puab qhov ntawm ib feem, nrog rau txoj kab uas hla nce los ntawm 0.015-0.025 hli ntawm axial center txoj hauj lwm. Qee qhov chaw tau dhau qhov kev cia siab rau sab saud thiab tau muab pov tseg.
Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, cov txheej txheem ua ntu zus tau hloov kho tom qab kev sab laj nrog tus neeg siv khoom, tso honing tom qab txhaj tshuaj peening. Lub deformation ntawm lub puab qhov tom qab txhaj tshuaj peening yog kwv yees li 0.025 hli, uas yog tag nrho them los ntawm 0.05 hli ib leeg -sab nyiaj pub rau honing. Tom qab kev hloov kho, lub puab lub qhov taub qhov siab ntev tom qab honing tuaj yeem tswj tau li ntawm 0.010 hli, thiab lub cylindricity hauv 0.015 hli, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj peening ntawm lub qhov sab hauv yog qhia hauv Table 8.
Table 8 Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Kev Txhaum Txhaum Cai ntawm Internal Hole Control (Unit: mm)
PART 5
Xaus
Los ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm lean optimization thiab kev txhim kho thaum lub sijhawm ua pov thawj, qhov no aerospace precision cylindrical ib feem thaum kawg ua tiav cov khoom lag luam ruaj khov. Kev ua tiav ib txwm siv tsis tau rau kev ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm 35CD4 cov khoom. Ntau yam kev ntsuas, xws li kev ua kom zoo dua qub, kev xaiv cov cuab yeej optimization, thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qub, yog xav tau los kov yeej cov kev sib tw ua haujlwm [4]. 35CD4 siab- lub zog steel muaj kev ua tau zoo, tab sis nws kuj ua rau muaj kev sib tw ntau dua. Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xaiv cov qauv cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab tsim cov txheej txheem tsim nyog. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim tawm tshiab, cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm cov khoom nyuaj xws li - mus rau - cov khoom siv tshuab yuav maj mam txo qis, thiab cov kev ua haujlwm cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau muab sau ua ntu zus thiab sib sau. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj peening muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau qhov ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm qhov chaw, uas qhia tau hais tias tus txheej txheem tsim yog ib txoj haujlwm zoo. Cov txheej txheem kev npaj yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai muaj txiaj ntsig thiab xav txog kev sib nrig sib cuam tshuam ntawm txhua tus txheej txheem txhawm rau tsim cov phiaj xwm kev tshawb fawb thiab tsim nyog [5], thiab ua tiav cov khoom tsim tau zoo thaum ua kom cov khoom zoo.
