Raws li daim ntawv thov ntawm lub tshuab cuab yeej accessory indexing lub taub hau thiab cov iav dai rau ntawm qhov zoo tib yam ntsug lifting rooj milling tshuab, noj lub tog raj kheej ntawm ib tug marine high-power low-speed diesel cav feem ua piv txwv, lub piston dav hlau cam txhuas nto yog ua milled. Raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab uas twb muaj lawm hauv kev cob qhia, tshuaj xyuas lub tog raj kheej piston cam profile qauv thiab cov khoom siv lead ua, sib txuas cov iav kis tau tus lej suav cov qauv thiab daim ntawv thov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub taub hau indexing, thiab tshuaj xyuas cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, milling cutters, indexing. lub taub hau thiab iav koom nrog. Cov kev tsis sib xws yog xam thiab ua tib zoo npaj. Tom qab machining xyaum thiab lub zog muaj nuj nqi kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub piston qhov chaw tom qab lawv tau ntsia nyob rau hauv lub diesel cav tso valve cua lub tog raj kheej, ib txheej ntawm ruaj khov zoo thiab cov nqi qis machining txheej txheem kev daws teeb meem.
#01
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Ua ntej
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Rau precision machining ntawm ca cam profiles, cov txheej txheem zoo tshaj plaws yog CNC tshuab cuab tam milling, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog CNC machining chaw nrog CNC tig axes (A-axis los yog B-axis). High-power marine low-speed diesel engine qhov chaw yog tag nrho hauv cov khoom me me thiab ntau hom. Cov peev peev hauv NC machining center cov cuab yeej yog qhov loj. Lub tswv yim-tso tawm piv ntawm NC tshuab tshiab nrog ntau lub tshuab machining muaj nuj nqi rau qhov no ib leeg tsis zoo tagnrho. Ordinary ntsug nqa lub rooj milling tshuab yog cov cuab yeej tsim khoom hauv feem ntau cov khoom siv ua haujlwm ib txwm ua. Nws yog cov txheej txheem tshawb fawb lub hom phiaj ntawm kev cob qhia cov kws tshaj lij txhawm rau siv tag nrho cov haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab uas twb muaj lawm thiab tsim cov khoom siv qis thiab cov khoom siv tau zoo. Lub piston dav hlau cam yog cov hlau lead saum npoo ntawm kev taw qhia qws txav thiab muaj siab precision. Cov txheej txheem milling suav nrog kev sib txuas ua haujlwm uas cov kab axis thiab cov rotation axis nyob rau hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem. Milling ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tsis yog CNC yog qhov nyuaj. Cov hlau lead ntawm lub piston dav hlau cam yog me me, uas yog, txhawm rau tsim lub kaum sab xis loj ntawm kev sib hloov nyob rau hauv luv luv linear nrug, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab ntsug ntsug milling zoo tib yam los tsim ib qho tshiab thiab paub tab linear axis thiab Rotary axis linkage processing technology scheme [1]. Tshawb xyuas cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm lub dav hlau cam qhov chaw thiab iav daim ntawv thov tshuab kom paub meej qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm.
#02
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Kev siv lub tshuab milling thiab indexing taub hau nrog iav
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Daim ntawv thov ntawm ntsug milling tshuab zoo tib yam thiab indexing lub taub hau nrog hanging iav ua yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 1. Raws li qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 1a, lub X53K zoo tib yam ntsug nqa lub rooj milling tshuab muaj ib tug longitudinal feed ntsia hlau pitch P=6mm. FW250 universal indexing lub taub hau muaj ib tug taag tus naj npawb ntawm 40 thiab yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug txheej txheem muaj cov tsev qiv ntawv iav. Cov kev xaiv iav hniav z yog 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 thiab 100[2]. Lub ntsiab tsav iav yog ntsia rau ntawm ib kawg ntawm lub longitudinal ntsia hlau ncej ntawm ntsug milling tshuab, thiab cov iav tsav yog ntsia rau ntawm tus Tsov tus tw ntawm lub taub hau indexing. Lub iav teeb nrog qhov sib npaug sib kis yog dai ntawm lub ntsiab tsav iav thiab cov iav tsav. Cov iav teeb tau hloov kho rau qhov tsim nyog mesh. Tom qab qhov sib txawv yog tshem tawm, kho nws nrog lub bracket xauv rau ntawm lub taub hau thiab tus Tsov tus tw sab. Tom qab lub installation tiav lawm, lub longitudinal ntsia hlau ntawm ntsug milling tshuab tsav lub worktable rau noj longitudinally. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub ntsiab tsav iav kev koom ua ke nrog lub longitudinal ntsia hlau xa cov kev sib txuas lus mus rau lub indexing lub taub hau los ntawm lub iav teeb nrog cov sib piv kis tau tus mob. Kev sib hloov ntawm lub indexing taub hau clamping Cov khoom yog tig raws li kom paub txog synchronous linkage processing ntawm linear axis thiab rotating axis.
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a) X53K ntsug milling tshuab
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b) Lub taub hau indexing yog nruab nrog lub iav dai
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c) Plane cam milling
Daim duab 1: Daim duab daim duab ntawm lub tshuab ntsug ntsug milling zoo tib yam thiab indexing lub taub hau nruab nrog dai iav ua
#03
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Piston ib feem tiaj tus cam lead nto
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Lub tog raj kheej piston nyob rau hauv cov huab cua cylinder kab noj hniav ntawm marine high-power low-speed diesel cav tso valve los ua ke yog ib qho kev txav mus los. Lub piston tig nce lossis nqis raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub tog raj kheej siab. Lub cam txhuas nto ntawm lub ntsej muag kawg ntawm lub piston tsav lub zog ntawm cov lus qhia pas nrig hauv kev sib cuag nrog nws. Kev sib hloov ntawm lub piston Qhov tseeb ntawm lub kaum sab xis thiab nce-thiab-down txav deb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm xws li lub sijhawm tso tawm. Kev ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov hlau lead saum npoo (0 degree ~ 144.3 degree) ntawm lub piston tiaj tus cam yog pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 2. Lub tiaj tus cam yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug kawg nplhaib tus thawj coj nrog ib tug puab lub voj voog ntawm R6{{ 10}}mm thiab lub voj voog sab nraud ntawm R70mm. Nws spirals upward clockwise los ntawm 0 degree (nthuav dav ntawm R65mm ncig, nce lub kaum sab xis 1.75 degree). Thaum nws nce mus txog 144.3 degree, nws xaus rau ntawm lub nraub qaum sab nraub qaum nrog qhov siab ntawm 5 hli. , tus nqi nto roughness ntawm cam nto Ra=3.2μm. Cov khoom ntawm cov khoom yog QT400.
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a) Sab saum toj saib ntawm piston
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b) Hla-sectional saib ntawm lub piston
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c) Lead deg expansion daim duab
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d) Piston isometric kos duab
Daim duab 2 Dimensions ntawm lub piston dav hlau cam nto ntawm ib qho qauv
#04
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Machining ntawm cam lead nto
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4.1 Kev npaj txheej txheem
Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm txoj kev tig ua ntej piston cam nto milling txheej txheem tau qhia hauv daim duab 3. Cov txheej txheem tig tsis tau qhia hauv kab lus no.
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Daim duab 3 Qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau txoj kev tig ua ntej piston cam nto milling txheej txheem
4.2 Kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom sib xws
(1) Kev suav ntawm cam lead L: Qhov siab nrug sib npaug ntawm axial nce ntawm cam nto kauv 360 degree yog lub cam lead L. cam nto nce h=5mm los ntawm 0 degree mus rau 144.3 degree, thiab cam lead L yog xam raws li qhov no. Los ntawm 5/L=144.3/360, peb tuaj yeem tau L=12.474 (mm).
(2) Kev suav ntawm kev sib kis sib kis i Qhov sib kis tus lej suav cov qauv [2] yog
i＝40t/L (1)
Hauv cov mis, kuv yog qhov sib kis; 40 yog tus lej tas ntawm lub taub hau indexing; t yog lub longitudinal ntsia hlau pitch ntawm lub tshuab cuab tam (mm), thiab t ntawm X53K ntsug milling tshuab feem ntau yog 6 hli; L yog cam lead (mm).
Raws li formula (1), qhov kev suav qhia tias kuv=40×6/12.474≈19.24.
(3) Tus naj npawb ntawm cov hniav iav yog xam raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom xaiv iav cov hniav uas nruab nrog FW250 indexing taub hau thiab cov kev xav tau sib kis. Raws li cov pa 2 teeb (ib txheej ntawm lub ntsiab thiab tsav lub zog muaj feem xyuam rau kev sib kis ncaj qha) 4 iav configurations Tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm kev sib kis 19.24. Raws li qhov chaw teeb tsa thiab kev kho lub bracket, 3 pawg ntawm 6 lub zog raug xaiv thiab teeb tsa. Lub iav kis tau tus mob piv xam cov mis [3] yog
I＝z1z3z5/(z2z4z6) (2)
Nyob rau hauv cov mis, kuv yog cov iav kis tau tus mob; z1, z3, thiab z5 yog cov hniav ntawm txhua yam khoom siv dai ntawm lub cev, thiab qhov tseem ceeb yog muab los ntawm cov qauv iav hniav ntawm lub taub hau indexing; z2, z4, thiab z6 yog raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov hniav ntawm txhua qhov uas tau tsav dai iav, thiab qhov tseem ceeb yog muab rau kev xaiv los ntawm Lub taub hau indexing los ntawm tus qauv nrog tus naj npawb ntawm cov hniav iav xaiv los ntawm.
Raws li cov qauv (2), kev sib kis nrog 3 pawg ntawm 6 iav hniav faib tuaj yeem tau txais
Tus piv I=90 × 80 × 70/(35 × 30 × 25)=19.2, uas yog ze rau qhov sib kis ntawm i (19.24) xam los ntawm cam lead.
4.3 Kev txheeb xyuas yuam kev
Qhov sib kis tus lej I{{0}}}.2 yog tsim los ntawm kev xaiv cov iav hniav tus lej. Lub assumed lead L=40×6/19.2=12.5 (mm) yog suav nrog kev sib npaug (1). Tom qab ntawd raws li ib feem cam coj lub kaum sab xis ntawm 144.3 degree, inversely Nws yog assumed tias qhov siab h=144.3 × 12.5/360=5.01 (mm) rau lub laij lej cam txhuas nto, thiab cov Kev ua yuam kev ntawm 5mm los ntawm qhov loj me uas yuav tsum tau ua hauv daim duab yog 0.01mm, uas ua tau raws li qhov kev tso cai ntawm ib feem me me kam rau ua.
4.4 Kev siv tswv yim
Thaum lub piston dav hlau cam milling yog clamped ntawm lub taub hau indexing, lub taub hau indexing clamps cov txheej txheem ntxaiv nrog ib tug kheej-centering chuck thiab kho cov spindle rotation concentricity yuam kev kom tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.01mm. Tso lub piston nrog lub piston sab hauv lub qhov thiab cov txheej txheem ntxaiv, thiab siv Siv cov hlua khi bolts thiab lub phaj siab ntxhua kom clamp thiab ceev lub piston nyob rau hauv lub threaded qhov kawg ntawm tus txheej txheem mandrel, thiab siv ib tug dial taw qhia los xyuas qhov kev sib hloov. khiav tawm ntawm lub piston. Lub piston cam nto milling iav yog pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 4. Lub ntsiab tsav lub zog Z1 thiab Z2 yog ntsia rau ntawm longitudinal ntsia hlau kawg ntawm lub tshuab cuab tam ntawm lub taag bracket. Z2 yog lub zog tsav ntawm Z1. Z3 thiab Z2 yog coaxial synchronous zog. Z3 tsav Z4 thiab Z2. Z5 thiab Z4 yog coaxial synchronous zog. Z5 tsav lub Z6 iav uas yog dai rau ntawm tus Tsov tus tw ntawm lub taub hau indexing (uas yog, tsav lub indexing taub hau dai log ncej), uas thaum kawg tsim cov lus qhia rau kev sib hloov ntawm qhov chaw tuav los ntawm lub taub hau indexing thiab longitudinal pub. kev txav ntawm lub tshuab cuab yeej. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha tawg yog tias qhov ntev ntawm qhov txav ntawm lub tshuab cuab yeej yog 12.5 hli, thiab lub piston tig 360 degree synchronously; lub longitudinal txav deb ntawm lub tshuab cuab yeej yog 5.01 hli, thiab lub piston tig synchronously 144.3 degree.
Cov cuab yeej milling yog φ20mm high-speed steel kawg zeb. Cov kev txiav txiav yog txiav ceev vc=23.55m/min, spindle ceev n=375r/min, thiab pub f=0.1mm/r. Teem lub axis kab ntawm qhov kawg zeb kom coincide nrog cov kab nruab nrab ntawm lub piston. Siv sab ntug ntawm qhov kawg zeb kom nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub cam hlau nto (-5mm), thiab tig lub longitudinal feed pas nrig ntawm lub tshuab cuab tam mus rau sab xis, uas yog, pib lub piston dav hlau cam. Lub linear axis thiab rotary axis ntawm milling yog ua tiav ib txhij. Cov txheej txheem muab faib ua ntxhib machining, semi-finishing thiab xov. Qhov pib ntawm qhov kawg zeb cutter yog 0 degree nyob rau hauv lub radial kev taw qhia ntawm cov hlau lead saum npoo, thiab axial txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov hlau lead saum npoo yog npaj yuav yog -3.5 hli (tawm ib tug margin ntawm 1.5 hli. ), -4.8 hli (tso tawm ntawm 0.2mm) thiab -5mm, tag nrho ntawm 3 kauj ruam ntawm kev ua milling. Tom qab lub milling ntawm txhua kauj ruam ua hauj lwm tiav, lub milling cutter yog axially retracted mus rau ib tug muaj kev ruaj ntseg txoj hauj lwm, thiab longitudinal pub ntawm lub tshuab cuab tam yog reversed rov qab mus rau qhov chaw pib ntawm lub yav dhau los ua hauj lwm kauj ruam. Xav txog qhov yuam kev rov qab ntawm lub iav tshem tawm, txhua qhov rov qab rov qab tshaj qhov pib txoj haujlwm. Tom qab kwv yees li 1 tig ntawm txoj haujlwm pib, rov qab mus rau qhov chaw pib ntawm kev taw qhia pem hauv ntej thiab rub tawm lub indexing taub hau rocker tus pin (qhov txav txav ntawm lub taub hau indexing tawg tawm ntawm qhov txwv ntawm cov khoom sib txuam, uas yog, nws tawg. los ntawm longitudinal pub ntawm lub tshuab cuab tam lub rooj. Linkage constraint), tom qab lub tshuab cuab yeej yog tes-cranked longitudinally pub tus nqi txiav, tus pin linkage constraint iav yog ntxig. Tom qab lub cuab yeej raug txo qis mus rau txoj haujlwm tsim nyog, cov txheej txheem txuas txuas ntawm cov kauj ruam dhau los yog rov ua dua kom txog rau thaum lub cam txhuas nto ua tiav rau qhov loj tiav.
#05
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Xaus
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Kev ua daim ntawv thov ntawm ntsug nqa lub rooj milling tshuab thiab indexing lub taub hau nruab nrog dai iav milling piston cam nto tau ua tiav cov teeb meem ua haujlwm ntawm MAN ES patented lub ntsiab cav xws li 420mm, 460mm thiab lwm yam bore inch marine low-speed high-power diesel. lub cav tso pa valve lub tog raj kheej piston dav hlau cam, ua tiav kev siv lub peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab zoo tib yam hauv kev cob qhia, txo tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim khoom, ua kom yooj yim ntawm kev cob qhia cov koom haum tsim khoom, thiab ua tiav cov khoom zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo, thaum siv cov tshuab milling zoo tib yam rau qhov zoo sib xws Nws muab cov ntaub ntawv siv rau kev ua haujlwm ceev nrog cov khoom dai.
