Pwm cov nqi suav txog li 35% ntawm cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm profile extrusion. Qhov zoo ntawm cov pwm thiab kev siv tsim nyog thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm pwm ncaj qha txiav txim siab seb lub tuam txhab puas tuaj yeem tsim cov profile ib txwm muaj thiab tsim nyog. Cov kev ua hauj lwm ntawm extrusion tuag nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov profile extrusion yog hnyav heev. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog yuav tsum tau tiv taus kev sib txhuam hnyav thiab hnav nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau tiv taus lub sijhawm thauj khoom. Qhov no yuav tsum tau cov pwm kom muaj thermal stability, thermal qaug zog, thermal hnav tsis kam thiab txaus toughness. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau saum toj no, cov khoom zoo 4Cr5MoSiV1 (American hom H13) alloy steel yog dav siv nyob rau hauv Suav teb, thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev kho cua sov thiab quenching yog siv los ua pwm kom tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau hauv kev tsim cov txhuas profile.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, tseem muaj qee cov pwm uas tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov kev cia siab tso tawm thaum extrusion. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, txawm tias tsawg dua 20 rods yog extruded los yog lub tshuab yog scrapped nyob rau hauv tsawg tshaj li ob zaug, ua rau siv cov pwm kim hlau. Cov pwm nyob deb ntawm kev ua tiav nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Qhov no tshwm sim yog tam sim no dav nyob rau hauv ntau domestic aluminium profile ntau lawm tuam txhab. Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas nws cov laj thawj, peb yuav tsum pib nrog cov hauv qab no.
1. Ntu ntawm aluminium profile nws tus kheej yog ib txwm hloov, thiab kev lag luam aluminium extrusion tau tsim los rau niaj hnub no. Aluminium alloy muaj qhov zoo tseem ceeb xws li lub teeb yuag thiab lub zog zoo. Tam sim no, ntau qhov kev lag luam tau txais yuav txhuas profile es tsis txhob ntawm cov khoom qub. Vim qhov tshwj xeeb profile ntawm qee qhov profile, tsim thiab tsim cov pwm yog qhov nyuaj vim qhov tshwj xeeb profile seem. Yog hais tias cov pa extrusion txoj kev tseem siv, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ua tiav cov rated tso zis ntawm pwm, thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb txheej txheem yuav tsum tau saws los nruj me ntsis tswj ntau yam txheej txheem ntau lawm tsis mus ua ib txwm ntau lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov pwm tsis tuaj yeem raug nyem rau cov khoom tso tawm vim qhov tshwj xeeb profile seem lossis teeb meem zoo ntawm pwm nws tus kheej. Qhov no xav kom cov neeg ua haujlwm muag khoom sib txuas lus nrog lub tuam txhab kev lag luam thiab lub Hoobkas pwm thaum tau txais qhov kev txiav txim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub tuam txhab tsim pwm thiab tsim khoom yuav tsum ua kom zoo dua pwm tsim tshuab, txhim kho pwm tsim kom raug, thiab txhim kho pwm zoo.
Thib ob, xaiv tus qauv tsim nyog extrusion rau ntau lawm. Ua ntej extrusion ntau lawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum suav tag nrho cov seem profile, thiab txiav txim siab lub tonnage ntawm extruder raws li qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov profile seem, phab ntsa thickness thiab extrusion coefficient λ. Feem ntau hais lus, λ> 7-10. Thaum λ> 8-45, kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov pwm yog ntev dua thiab cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog smoother. Thaum λ> 70-80, nws nyuaj rau extrude profile, thiab pwm lub neej feem ntau luv dua. Cov khoom siv ntau dua, qhov ntau dua yuav ua rau tsis txaus hauv zos rigidity ntawm pwm, thiab nws nyuaj rau cov hlau ntws hauv pwm kab noj hniav kom zoo ib yam, thiab nrog rau cov kev ntxhov siab hauv zos. Thaum lub profile yog tsim, nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus ntsaws cov pwm thiab lub tsheb los yog tsim ib tug twisted yoj, thiab cov pwm yog nquag mus elastic deformation, thiab nyob rau hauv loj heev zaum, yas deformation yuav ua rau cov pwm mus ncaj qha scrapped.
3. Tsim nyog xaiv ntawm billet thiab cua sov kub. Lub alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm extruded billet yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj. Tam sim no, kev lag luam dav dav xav kom cov qoob loo loj ntawm cov ingot kom ncav cuag tus qauv thawj zaug txhawm rau txhim kho cov yas thiab txo cov anisotropy. Thaum muaj qhov hws, cov qauv xoob lossis cov kab nrib pleb hauv lub hauv paus, qhov tso tawm ntawm cov pa thaum lub sij hawm extrusion yog zoo ib yam li" blasting", uas ua rau lub zos ua hauj lwm cheeb tsam ntawm pwm dheev unload thiab load dua, tsim ib qho kev cuam tshuam loj hauv zos load, uas muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau cov pwm. Loj. Cov lag luam nrog cov xwm txheej tuaj yeem ua homogenize lub pob zeb, thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom txias ntawm 550-570C rau 8 teev. Lub extrusion breakthrough siab yuav raug txo los ntawm 7-10%, thiab lub extrusion ceev yuav nce li ntawm 15%.
Plaub, optimize cov txheej txheem extrusion. Yuav kom ncav cuag lub neej ntawm pwm, muaj kuab siv ntawm pwm rau ntau lawm yog ib tug nam uas yuav tsis raug ignored. Vim tias qhov kev ua haujlwm hnyav heev ntawm extrusion tuag, kev ntsuas tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom extrusion kom paub meej cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuag. (1) Txais qhov tsim nyog extrusion ceev. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem extrusion, thaum lub extrusion ceev ceev heev, nws yuav ua rau cov hlau ntws mus rau ib qho nyuaj, kev sib txhuam ntawm cov txhuas hlau ntws thiab cov phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav yuav nce, thiab hnav cov pwm. txoj siv sia ua haujlwm yuav nrawm, thiab pwm kub yuav siab dua. Yog tias cov hluav taws kub seem uas tsim los ntawm cov hlau deformation tsis tuaj yeem muab tshem tawm hauv lub sijhawm no, cov pwm tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav vim muaj cua sov hauv zos. Yog hais tias qhov extrusion ceev yog tsim nyog, cov saum toj no tsis zoo txim yuav raug zam, thiab cov extrusion ceev yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv qab no 25mm / s. (2) Tsim nyog xaiv qhov kub extrusion. Lub extrusion kub yog txiav txim los ntawm pwm cua kub kub, qhov kub ntawm lub ingot chim thiab kub ntawm lub txhuas pas nrig. Tsis tshua muaj kub ntawm aluminium pas nrig yuav yooj yim ua rau lub extrusion quab yuam kom nce los yog ua kom muaj zog. Cov pwm tuaj yeem ua rau hauv zos me me elastic deformation, los yog cov kab nrib pleb hauv qhov kev ntxhov siab, uas yuav ua rau cov pwm tawg thaum ntxov. Kev kub siab dhau ntawm cov pas nrig txhuas yuav ua rau cov qauv hlau mos, thiab ua rau nws ua raws li qhov chaw ntawm cov pwm' txoj siv sia ua haujlwm lossis txawm thaiv cov pwm (thaum mob hnyav, cov pwm tawg hauv siab) . Qhov ntsuas kub tsim nyog ntawm qhov tsis sib xws yog 460-520 ° C. Qhov ntsuas kub tsim nyog ntawm lub ingot yog 430-480 ° C.
5. Nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev siv cov extrusion tuag, cov txheej txheem tsim nyog ntawm nitriding txheej txheem yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ntawm qhov tuag. Txoj kev kho nitriding saum npoo tuaj yeem ua kom lub ntsej muag hardness ntawm pwm thaum tswj kom txaus toughness, thiaj li txo cov thermal hnav thaum pwm siv. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov saum npoo nitriding tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav ib zaug. Thaum lub sij hawm pwm kev pab cuam, rov kho nitriding yuav tsum tau ua 3-4 zaug. Feem ntau, lub thickness ntawm nitriding txheej yuav tsum ncav cuag li 0.15 hli. Cov txheej txheem nitriding zoo dua yog thawj nitriding tom qab pwm nkag mus rau hauv lub Hoobkas rau kev tshuaj xyuas. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, txij li cov txheej txheem ntawm nitrided txheej tsis ruaj khov, nws yuav tsum tau nitrided dua tom qab 5-10 rods yog extruded. Tom qab qhov thib ob nitriding, 40-80 rods tuaj yeem nyem. Nws raug nquahu kom siv tsis pub ntau tshaj 100-120 rods tom qab peb nitriding. Ua ntej nitriding, txoj siv sia yuav tsum tau polished, thiab cov kab noj hniav yuav tsum tau ntxuav, thiab tsis muaj alkali slag los yog txawv teb chaws hais yuav tsum nyob twj ywm. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, tus naj npawb ntawm nitriding ntawm pwm tsis pub tshaj 4-5 zaug, vim hais tias nyob rau lub sij hawm no, yog hais tias lub nitrided txheej tsis strained nyob rau hauv txoj siv ua hauj lwm, tom qab rov ua nitriding thiab extrusion ntau lawm, cov qauv ntawm nitrided txheej muaj. tau ruaj khov. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias thaum ntxov nitriding, nitriding tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tsim nyog, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm nitriding yuav tsum tsis txhob nquag dhau, txwv tsis pub txoj siv ua haujlwm yuav yooj yim rau delamination.
6. Txoj siv sia ua haujlwm yuav tsum yog hauv av thiab polished ua ntej pwm muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab. Txoj siv ua haujlwm feem ntau yuav tsum tau polished rau daim iav saum npoo. Txheeb xyuas qhov flatness thiab verticality ntawm cov pwm ua haujlwm siv ua ntej sib dhos. Rau qee qhov, qhov zoo ntawm nitriding txiav txim siab polished tiav ntawm txoj siv sia ua haujlwm. Cov kab noj hniav pwm yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog cov cua kub siab thiab txhuam, thiab yuav tsum tsis muaj plua plav lossis khoom txawv teb chaws. Txwv tsis pub, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los rub txoj siv sia ua haujlwm uas tau tsav los ntawm cov hlau ntws, thiab cov khoom extruded profile yuav muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li ntxhib nto los yog scribing.
7. Lub sij hawm tuav ntawm cov pwm thaum lub sij hawm extrusion ntau lawm feem ntau yog 2-3 teev, tab sis tsis ntau tshaj 8 teev, txwv tsis pub lub hardness ntawm nitride txheej ntawm cov pwm ua hauj lwm txoj siv yuav raug txo, uas yuav ua rau lub nto ntawm lub profile. kom ntxhib thaum lub tshuab tsis hnav-resistant, thiab nws yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Qhov tsis xws luag xws li kos npe. Thaum siv cov pwm, yuav tsum muaj cov pwm txhawb nqa, lub tes tsho pwm thiab cov ntaub qhwv uas sib txuam nrog cov pwm kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib chwv ntawm cov pwm qhov hluav taws xob thiab cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa me dhau vim qhov loj sab hauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa. , uas yuav ua rau cov pwm deform los yog tawg. Cov pwm, lub tog raj kheej extrusion thiab extrusion ncej yog concentric, thiab concentricity nyob rau hauv ± 3 hli, txwv tsis pub nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim eccentric load thiab hloov tus tsim khiav ceev ntawm txhua feem ntawm cov pwm, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau cov duab profile. .
8. Siv cov alkaline ntxuav kom raug (pwm ua noj) txoj kev. Tom qab pwm tshem tawm, pwm kub yog siab tshaj 500 ° C. Yog tias nws tau muab tso rau hauv dej alkaline tam sim ntawd, qhov kub ntawm cov dej alkaline yog qis dua li pwm kub. Yog hais tias pwm kub poob sai heev, cov pwm yog nquag tawg. Txoj kev raug yog tos kom cov pwm tshem tawm, tso cov pwm rau saum huab cua ntawm 100 ° -150 ° C thiab muab tso rau hauv dej alkaline. Cov txheej txheem sib cais ua ke pwm yog kos ua ntej pwm tshem tawm, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm pwm ua noj thiab ua kom lub sij hawm ua pwm. Txoj kev tshwj xeeb yog tias tom qab qhov kawg ntawm extrusion, tus pas nrig extrusion retreats ua ntej lub extrusion chim, thiab residual siab tseem nyob rau hauv lub extrusion chim, thiab ces lub extrusion chim retreats, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ib feem ntawm cov residual txhuas nyob rau hauv lub extrusion chim. cov pwm shunt qhov tuaj yeem rub tawm nrog qhov seem seem, thiab tom qab ntawd nqa tawm alkaline ua noj. Qee qhov sib cais-ntws ua ke pwm core taub hau yog me me, txawm tias nyias dua li tus cwj mem. Hom pwm no tsis tso cai rau kos tom qab extrusion. Lub molder yuav tsum pom cov qauv pwm kom meej meej ua ntej qhib pwm, thiab yuav tsum tau tos kom cov txhuas seem nyob rau hauv pwm kab noj hniav Yeej boil lawv kom qhib pwm. Txwv tsis pub, lub taub hau tseem ceeb yuav tawg yog tias koj tsis saib xyuas, thiab cov pwm yuav raug muab pov tseg.
Cuaj, cov pwm siv lub zog los ntawm qhov siab mus rau qis. Thaum cov pwm tsuas yog nkag mus rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov qauv hlau sab hauv kev ua haujlwm tseem nyob rau theem ntab. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog yuav tsum tau txais los ua kom cov pwm hloov mus rau lub sijhawm ruaj khov. Hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov pwm' kev siv, txij li qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pwm yog qhov pib hauv lub xeev ruaj khov, nws zoo ib yam li lub tsheb uas nyuam qhuav dhau lub sijhawm khiav, thiab kev siv lub zog tuaj yeem ua tau. tsim nyog nce. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, cov qauv hlau ntawm cov pwm tau pib deteriorate, thiab lub zog qaug zog, ruaj khov thiab tawv tawv tau pib poob rau hauv qhov nkhaus downward tom qab kev tsim khoom thiab kev pabcuam ntev. Lub sijhawm no, kev siv lub zog ntawm cov pwm yuav tsum raug txo kom tsim nyog kom txog rau thaum cov pwm tawg.
10. Ntxiv dag zog rau kev siv thiab kev saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov pwm hauv cov txheej txheem extrusion ntau lawm, thiab txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv taug qab thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm txhua txheej pwm. Extrusion pwm yog scrapped tom qab lawv raug tshuaj xyuas hauv lub hoobkas. Lub sijhawm nruab nrab tuaj yeem luv li ob peb lub hlis thiab tuaj yeem ntev li ntau tshaj ib xyoos. Yeej, cov ntaub ntawv siv cov pwm kuj sau cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm profile ntau lawm. Extrusion pwm yog loj nyob rau hauv tus naj npawb thiab ntau yam. Kev tswj hwm ntawm txhua txheej pwm yuav pab tau pwm cov thawj coj hauv tsev qiv ntawv, cov neeg siv pwm, thiab cov pwm tsim thiab tsim cov neeg ua haujlwm kom nkag siab qhov tseeb ntawm txhua pawg pwm hauv Tshuag.
Cov ntaub ntawv taug qab pwm muaj xws li:
(1) Cov ntaub ntawv tsim pwm, suav nrog kev tsim cov duab kos, cov ntaub ntawv tsim khoom, cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj xyuas (tus nqi raug, tus nqi hardness), thiab lwm yam ntawm txhua txheej pwm.
(2) Cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem ntawm txhua qhov extrusion tuag ntawm lub tshuab, xws li lub sijhawm cua sov, aluminium pas nrig kub, pwm kub, extrusion ceev, extrusion quab yuam, breakthrough siab, aluminium pas nrig ntev, tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog, profile linear ntom, yield tus nqi thiab lwm yam.
(3) Thawj peb lub tswv yim kho pwm, lub sij hawm kho nitriding, lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv thiab tawm ntawm lub pwm warehouse, seem los yog rov qab mus rau lub pwm Hoobkas kho thiab yog vim li cas, thiab lwm yam rau txhua txheej pwm. Kev sau cov ntaub ntawv no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho pwm kev tswj hwm, suav nrog cov nqi pwm, thiab ua kom zoo dua pwm. Kev tsim thiab kho cov pwm, txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm pwm, txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm extrusion ntau lawm, siv pwm rationally, thiab txiav txim siab yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov pwm tag nrho muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha.
Kev sib tw nce ntxiv hauv kev ua lag luam aluminium profile tau yuam ntau lub tuam txhab aluminium profile los nqis peev loj zog hauv kev yuav khoom, siv, tu thiab tswj cov extrusion tuag. Qhov no xav kom cov tuam txhab hloov lawv lub tswv yim thaum hloov cov kev tswj hwm ntau lawm yav dhau los. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev tuav nws thiab ua txoj haujlwm zoo ntawm kev txheeb xyuas kev txheeb xyuas thiab kev tswj hwm tus nqi ntawm cov pwm tuaj yeem hloov kho mus rau qhov xwm txheej tshiab ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab txeeb lub sijhawm hauv kev ua lag luam.
