Ntau yam hlau thiab tsis yog-cov ntaub ntawv hlau yog siv rau hauv stamping tuag, feem ntau suav nrog carbon steel, alloy steel, cam khwb cia hlau, cam khwb cia hlau, cemented carbide, low-melting-point alloys, zinc-raws li alloys, aluminium bronze, hluavtaws resins, polyurethane roj hmab, birch plywood, thiab laminate. Cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim khoom tuag yuav tsum muaj siab hardness, siab zog, siab hnav tsis kam, tsim nyog toughness, siab hardenability, thiab tsawg los yog tsis muaj deformation thaum tshav kub kub kho, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv tawg thaum lub sij hawm quenching. Cia peb xub nkag siab txog cov khoom siv hauv stamping tuag. Cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim stamping tuag muaj xws li steel, cemented carbide, steel-bonded cemented carbide, zinc-raws li alloys, qis- melting-point alloys, aluminium bronze, thiab polymer cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Tam sim no, steel yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom stamping tuag. Cov khoom siv feem ntau siv rau cov khoom siv tuag muaj xws li: carbon tool steel, low- alloy tool steel, siab -carbon high-chromium los yog nruab nrab-chromium tool steel, nruab nrab-carbon alloy steel, siab-speed steel, base steel, thiab cemented carbide, steel{19} carbide thiab lwm yam.
Cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom pwm txawv nyob ntawm qhov ua haujlwm. Cov khoom siv feem ntau muaj xws li txias stamping tuag thiab blanking tuag, uas yog siv rau stamping thiab ua ntau yam ntawv hlau. Lawv cov npoo txiav tau raug mob hnyav thiab cuam tshuam thaum ua haujlwm. Lawv yuav tsum muaj kev hnav tsis kam, cuam tshuam toughness, thiab qaug zog tawg ua haujlwm. Piv txwv xws li Cr12MoV, Cr12, SKD11, T10A, W18Cr4V, thiab 6-5-4-2. Extrusion tuag yog tsuas yog siv rau deformation txoj kev. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, lub punch bears lub siab loj, thaum tuag bears loj nro. Vim yog qhov hnyav ntawm cov hlau hauv cov kab noj hniav, qhov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov punch thiab tuag tau raug kev sib txhuam muaj zog, ua rau cov tuag saum npoo kub nce los ntawm 200-300℃. Lawv yuav tsum muaj siab deformation kuj, hnav tsis kam, thiab tawg tsis kam, thiab kuj siab tempering stability. Kev kos duab tuag, xws li H13, 3Cr2W8V, 40Cr, 38CrMoAl, thiab 5CrNiMo, feem ntau yog siv rau kev sib sib zog nqus ntawm cov ntawv hlau nrog qee qib ntawm plasticity. Kev ntxhov siab ua haujlwm tsis yog siab, tab sis qhov tuag nkag tau raug kev sib txhuam hnyav. High hardness thiab hnav tsis kam, nrog tsawg nto roughness. Cr12MoV, Cr12, D2, 6-5-4-2, thiab PeCu dabtsi yog khoov tuag feem ntau yog siv rau khoov thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv hlau nrog qee yam yas. Lub load ntawm qhov tuag tsis loj heev, tab sis muaj qee qhov kev sib txhuam. High hnav tsis kam thiab tawg tsis kam. Cr12MoV, D2, T10A, thiab S45Ca yog cov cuab yeej carbon steel. T8A thiab T10A feem ntau yog siv cov cuab yeej carbon steel hauv kev tuag. Lawv qhov zoo yog machinability zoo thiab tus nqi qis. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv muaj qhov tsis zoo hardenability thiab liab hardness, loj kub kho deformation, thiab tsis tshua muaj load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm. b. Tsawg- alloy cuab yeej steel. Tsawg- alloy cuab yeej steel yog ua raws li cov cuab yeej carbon steel nrog ntxiv ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog alloying. Piv nrog cov cuab yeej carbon steel, nws txo qis deformation thiab tawg nyiam, txhim kho hardenability, thiab muaj kev hnav zoo dua. Pwm kws tshaj lij WeChat: mujudaren Low- alloy steels siv rau kev tsim pwm xws li CrWMn, 9Mn2V, 7CrSiMnMoV (code CH-1), thiab 6CrNiSiMnMoV (code GD). c. High-carbon siab-chromium cuab yeej steels: Feem ntau siv siab-carbon siab-chromium cov cuab yeej steels suav nrog Cr12, Cr12MoV, thiab Cr12Mo1V1 (code D2). Lawv muaj qhov zoo hardenability, quenchability, thiab hnav tsis kam, thiab nthuav tawm me me deformation tom qab kev kho cua sov. Lawv yog siab- hnav- tiv taus, qis- deformation pwm steels, nrog rau kev thauj khoom{103}} cov kabmob muaj peev xwm thib ob nkaus xwb rau siab - ceev steel. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm carbide hnyav, yuav tsum tau rov ua dua thiab kos duab (axial upsetting, radial drawing) forging kom txo cov carbide inhomogeneity thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo. d. High{105}}carbon nruab nrab{112}}chromium cov cuab yeej steels siv hauv pwm suav nrog Cr4W2MoV, Cr6WV, thiab Cr5MoV. Cov no muaj cov ntsiab lus chromium qis, tsawg dua eutectic carbides, ntau yam carbide faib, tsawg deformation tom qab kev kho cua sov, thiab zoo hardenability thiab seem stability. Lawv cov kev ua tau zoo dua qub piv rau cov qib siab -carbon siab-chromium steels, uas muaj cov carbide sib cais hnyav heev. e. High{121}}ceev steels muaj siab tshaj plaws hardness, hnav tsis kam, thiab compressive zog ntawm pwm steels, uas ua rau muaj siab load{122}}cov kabmob muaj peev xwm. Feem ntau siv cov pwm hlau muaj xws li W18Cr4V (code 8-4-1) thiab W6Mo5Cr4V2 (code 6-5-4-2, US designation M2), uas muaj cov ntsiab lus qis dua tungsten. Kuj tseem siv tau yog cov pa roj carbon tsawg, qis-vanadium high-speed steel 6W6Mo5Cr4V (code 6W6 lossis low-carbon M2), tsim los txhim kho toughness. High-speed steels kuj yuav tsum tau reforging los txhim kho lawv cov carbide faib. f. Base steels yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv me me ntawm lwm cov ntsiab lus rau lub hauv paus muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm high-speed steel thiab tsim nyog nce los yog txo cov pa roj carbon ntsiab lus los txhim kho cov hlau cov khoom. Cov hlau no yog sib sau ua ke hu ua base steels. Lawv tsis tsuas yog muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm high-speed steel, nthuav tawm qee qhov hnav tsis kam thiab hardness, tab sis kuj muaj zog qaug zog thiab tawv, ua rau lawv muaj zog thiab siab tawv ua haujlwm txias steel, tsis tau nrog cov khoom siv qis dua. Feem ntau siv hauv paus steels hauv cov tuag suav nrog 6Cr4W3Mo2VNb (code 65Nb), 7Cr7Mo2V2Si (code LD), thiab 5Cr4Mo3SiMnVAL (code 012AL), thiab lwm yam.
g. Cemented carbide thiab steel -bonded cemented carbide. Cemented carbide muaj hardness siab dua thiab hnav tsis kam tshaj li lwm yam hlau tuag, tab sis tsis zoo bending zog thiab toughness. Cemented carbide siv rau tuag yog tungsten-cobalt raws. Rau cov tuag uas tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab kev hnav tsis kam, cemented carbide nrog cov ntsiab lus qis cobalt tuaj yeem xaiv. Rau kev tuag nrog kev cuam tshuam siab, cemented carbide nrog cov ntsiab lus cobalt ntau dua tuaj yeem xaiv.
Hlau -bonded cemented carbide yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv me me ntawm cov hmoov alloying hmoov (xws li chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, thiab lwm yam) rau hlau hmoov raws li ib tug khi, nrog titanium carbide los yog tungsten carbide raws li lub sij hawm nyuaj, thiab sintering nws siv hmoov metallurgy txoj kev. Lub matrix ntawm steel-bonded cemented carbide yog hlau, kov yeej cov kev tsis txaus ntawm cov cemented carbide, xws li tsis zoo toughness thiab nyuaj ua. Nws tuaj yeem txiav, welded, forged, thiab cua sov- kho. Steel-bonded cemented carbide muaj ntau cov carbide; Txawm hais tias nws qhov hardness thiab hnav tsis kam yog qis dua cemented carbide, lawv tseem siab dua lwm cov qib steel. Tom qab quenching thiab tempering, lub hardness tuaj yeem ncav cuag 68-73 HRC.
h. Cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv cov khoom siv tshiab stamping tuag yog ua haujlwm txias tuag steel, uas yog siv dav tshaj plaws, ntau haiv neeg, thiab feem ntau siv dav hlau tuag. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tau zoo yog lub zog, toughness, thiab hnav tsis kam. Tam sim no, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua hauj lwm txias tuag steel yog raws li kev ua tau zoo ntawm siab - alloy steel D2 (sib npaug rau Cr12MoV hauv kuv lub teb chaws), thiab tau muab faib ua ob ceg tseem ceeb: ib qho yog txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab cov ntsiab lus alloying, txhim kho qhov sib xws ntawm carbide faib hauv cov hlau, thiab txhim kho qhov tawv tawv ntawm cov hlau. Piv txwv suav nrog 8CrMo2V2Si los ntawm Vanadium Alloy Steel Company ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab DC53 (Cr8Mo2SiV) los ntawm Daido Steel ntawm Nyiv. Lwm hom yog hmoov siab-ceev steel tsim feem ntau los txhim kho hnav tsis kam thiab hloov mus rau siab-ceev, automated, thiab ntau lawm. Piv txwv li 320CrVMo13 los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees.
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv pwm tsim nyog thiab kev siv cov txheej txheem kho cua sov kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom lub neej pwm. Rau cov pwm nrog cov kev siv sib txawv, yam xws li lawv cov kev ua haujlwm, kev ntxhov siab, cov khoom ntawm cov khoom ua tiav, ntim ntau lawm, thiab cov khoom tsim tau yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab, nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev ua tau zoo li no, ua ntej xaiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov qib steel thiab cov txheej txheem kho cua sov.
1. Kev ntim ntau lawm: Thaum lub ntim ntau lawm ntawm cov khoom stamped loj, cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm, cov punch thiab tuag, yuav tsum siab - zoo pwm steel nrog zoo hnav tsis kam. Cov ntaub ntawv rau lwm cov txheej txheem cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem pab pawg ntawm cov pwm yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua qub. Thaum cov khoom ntim me me, cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo kom txo tau cov nqi . 2. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv stamped thiab kev siv ntawm cov khoom siv tuag: Thaum cov khoom raug stamped nyuaj los yog muaj zog deformation, cov punch thiab tuag yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo hnav thiab lub zog siab. Rau kev sib sib zog nqus nqus hlau stainless, aluminium bronze tuag tuaj yeem siv tau vim tias lawv muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv zoo - adhesion. Kev taw qhia ncej thiab bushings yuav tsum hnav tsis kam thiab zoo toughness, yog li tsawg- carbon steel nrog nto carburizing thiab quenching feem ntau yog siv. Piv txwv li, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej carbon steel yog nws qhov tsis zoo hardenability; thaum tus ntoo khaub lig-seem seem ntawm qhov tuag qhov chaw loj, qhov chaw hardness tseem qis tom qab quenching. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum ua haujlwm ntawm cov xovxwm nrog lub siab mob stroke, nws qhov kev cuam tshuam zoo ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Rau daim hlau ruaj thiab stripper daim hlau, tsis yog tsuas yog yuav tsum muaj lub zog txaus, tab sis kuj muaj qhov deformation tsawg heev thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. (Tuag kws tshaj lij WeChat: mujudaren) Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho mob khaub thuas, kev kho mob sib sib zog nqus cryogenic, kev kho lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab cov txheej txheem ntxiv dag zog tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom tuag. Rau qhov txias extrusion tuag nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo rau kev xuas nrig ntaus thiab tuag, cov hlau tuag nrog cov khoom siv zoo zoo xws li cov hardness txaus, lub zog, toughness, thiab hnav tsis kam yuav tsum raug xaiv, thiab nws yuav tsum muaj qee qhov xim liab hardness thiab thermal qaug zog.
