Nyob rau hauv qis-voltage fais fab faib ib feem, muaj cov khoom kab nkag, cov kab tawm sab nraud, thiab tau kawg capacitor them nyiaj txee. Yog li dab tsi yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm capacitor them nyiaj txee? Raws li lub npe implies, lawv ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm capacitor them. Cia peb xub saib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev them nyiaj capacitor. Thaum them nyiaj, lub capacitor thiab lub load yog txuas nrog nyob rau hauv parallel. Lub capacitor zoo li lub txhab nyiaj roj teeb. Thaum lub load nce, vim lub internal tsis kam ntawm lub hwj chim mov, qhov tso zis voltage ntawm lub hwj chim mov yuav poob vim hais tias ob qho tag nrho ntawm lub capacitor yuav tsum tau tuav lub qub voltage, uas yog ib feem ntawm lub roj teeb nyob rau hauv lub capacitor ntws tawm, uas. ncua kev downward trend ntawm lub voltage. Qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev them nyiaj capacitor.
duab
1. Kev them nyiaj txoj cai ntawm lub hwj chim capacitor
Raws li txoj cai, lub capacitor yog sib npaug rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas tsim cov capacitive reactive tam sim no. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm reactive fais fab nyiaj them yog txuas ib tug ntaus ntawv nrog ib tug capacitive zog load thiab ib tug inductive zog load nyob rau hauv parallel ntawm tib lub capacitor, thiab lub zog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm ob loads. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, lub load ntawm transformers thiab kis kab mob nyob rau hauv daim phiaj yog txo, yog li ua kom cov zis muaj peev xwm. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm outputting ib tug active zog, qhov poob ntawm lub hwj chim mov system yog txo. Hauv kev sib piv, capacitors yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab kev lag luam zoo tshaj plaws los txo cov load ntawm transformers, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev lag luam. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov capacitors yuav tsum tau siv raws li reactive zog them nyiaj nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim systems. Tam sim no, nws yog heev uas siv parallel capacitors li reactive fais fab nyiaj pab kiag li lawm.
2. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub hwj chim capacitor them nyiaj
qhov zoo
Lub hwj chim capacitor reactive zog them nyiaj ntaus ntawv muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev yooj yim installation thiab yooj yim installation qhov chaw; lub zog me me poob (tsuas yog li ntawm 0.4% ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov peev xwm); Lub sijhawm tsim kho luv luv; peev me me; tsis muaj rotating qhov chaw, ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab txij nkawm; yog tias ib tus neeg lub tsev txhab nyiaj capacitor puas lawm, Nws tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov peev nyiaj capacitor thiab lwm yam zoo.
ua tsis tau
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub hwj chim capacitor reactive fais fab nyiaj them nyiaj ntaus ntawv yog: nws tsuas tuaj yeem ua cov kauj ruam hloov kho, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem ua tau zoo; Qhov cua tsis zoo, thaum qhov kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm lub capacitor siab tshaj 70 degree, nws yog feem ntau nthuav thiab tawg; Cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo ntawm qhov hluav taws xob tsis zoo, kev ruaj ntseg luv luv luv, Muaj cov nqi seem tom qab tshem tawm; lub reactive fais fab nyiaj them qhov tseeb yog tsawg thiab yooj yim cuam tshuam cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm; Kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm yog qhov nyuaj thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb ntawm lub capacitor tsis tau ua tiag, thiab lwm yam.
3. Reactive fais fab kev them nyiaj txoj kev
High pressure dispersion them nyiaj
High-voltage dispersion nyiaj them yog tiag tiag reactive zog them capacitor ntsia rau ntawm high-voltage sab ntawm ib tug transformer los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm lub hwj chim mov voltage. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv nroog high-voltage fais fab tuag.
High voltage centralized them nyiaj
High-voltage centralized them yog hais txog cov nyiaj them rau txoj hauv kev uas cov capacitors tau nruab rau ntawm 6 kV ~ 10 kV high-voltage bus hauv substation lossis tus neeg siv cov kauj ruam-down substation; lub capacitor kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm lub tsheb npav uas tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv cov neeg siv lub ntsiab faib chav tsev, uas yog tsim rau cov kev siv uas lub load yog concentrated thiab deb ntawm lub tsheb thauj mus los. Thaum tus neeg siv nws tus kheej muaj qee qhov high-voltage load nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ze nrog lub peev xwm loj, nws tuaj yeem txo qhov kev siv hluav taws xob reactive ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab ua lub luag haujlwm them nyiaj. Nws qhov zoo yog tias nws yooj yim los siv kev hloov pauv tsis siv neeg, tuaj yeem txhim kho tus neeg siv lub zog zoo, muaj kev siv tus nqi siab, kev nqis peev tsawg, yooj yim los tswj, thiab yooj yim los kho kom tsis txhob overcompensation thiab txhim kho voltage zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntawm txoj kev them nyiaj no tsis zoo.
Tsawg siab dispersion them nyiaj
Tsawg-voltage dispersion nyiaj them yog raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub zog reactive ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib leeg. Ib leeg lossis ntau lub tsev txhab nyiaj tsawg-voltage capacitor raug teeb tsa nyob ze ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los them rau lub zog reactive ntawm tag nrho cov high thiab low-voltage kab thiab transformers nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub installation site. zog. Qhov zoo dua yog tias thaum cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob reactive raug muab tso rau hauv, thiab thaum cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis ua haujlwm, cov cuab yeej them nyiaj kuj raug tshem tawm, uas tuaj yeem txo cov hluav taws xob reactive ntws hauv kev faib network thiab transformers, yog li ntawd. txo qis zog poob; nws tuaj yeem txo cov hlau hla ntu ntawm kab Thiab transformer muaj peev xwm, me me hneev taw. Qhov tsis zoo yog qhov kev siv qis thiab kev nqis peev loj. Nws tsis haum rau kev khiav hauj lwm ceev, rau pem hauv ntej thiab thim rov qab, inching, stalling, thiab thim rov qab braking motors.
Tsawg voltage centralized them nyiaj
Low-voltage centralized them yog hais txog kev sib txuas cov hluav taws xob tsawg-voltage capacitors rau sab qis-voltage tsheb npav ntawm kev faib hluav taws xob los ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob tsawg, siv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob ua cov cuab yeej tswj thiab tiv thaiv, thiab ncaj qha tswj kev hloov ntawm cov capacitors raws li lub zog reactive ntawm lub tsheb npav tsawg-voltage. Capacitor switching yog ua raws li tag nrho cov pab pawg thiab tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho kom zoo. Qhov zoo ntawm kev them nyiaj tsawg-voltage: yooj yim xaim, kev ua haujlwm me me thiab kev saib xyuas haujlwm, ntsuas lub zog reactive hauv zos, yog li txhim kho kev faib khoom siv hluav taws xob, txo cov kev poob hauv network, thiab kev lag luam zoo heev. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov kev siv feem ntau hauv kev them nyiaj rov qab fais fab. .
4. Kev suav cov peev txheej capacitor
Lub peev xwm reactive zog them nyiaj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li qhov reactive zog nkhaus los yog reactive fais fab nyiaj them txoj kev xam. Cov mis laij lej yog raws li nram no:
QC=p(tgφ1-tgφ2) los yog QC=pqc(1)
Hauv cov qauv:
Qc: Kev them nyiaj yug capacitor muaj peev xwm;
P: load active zog;
COSφ1: Kev them nyiaj yug preload fais fab tuag;
COSφ2: thauj khoom fais fab tom qab them nyiaj;
qc: reactive zog them tus nqi, kvar/kw.
5. Kev ua haujlwm ruaj ntseg ntawm lub hwj chim capacitor
1. Tso cai ua haujlwm tam sim no
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm, lub capacitor yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no, qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm tam sim no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 1.3 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm peb theem tam sim no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 5%.
2. Tso cai ua haujlwm voltage
Capacitor yog qhov nkag siab zoo rau qhov voltage, vim tias qhov poob ntawm lub capacitor yog proportional rau lub square ntawm voltage. Overvoltage yuav ua rau muaj cua sov loj ntawm lub capacitor, thiab lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub capacitor yuav ua rau kev laus, ua rau nws lub neej luv, thiab tseem ua rau hluav taws xob tawg. Yog li ntawd, cov cuab yeej capacitor yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, uas feem ntau yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 1.05 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws kev khiav hauj lwm yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 1.1 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Thaum lub busbar siab tshaj 1.1 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, ntsuas cua txias yuav tsum tau ua.
3. Teeb meem kev sib raug zoo
Txij li thaum lub capacitor Circuit Court yog LC Circuit Court, nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau resonate nrog tej yam harmonics, uas yuav yooj yim ua rau high-order harmonics, ua rau ib tug nce nyob rau hauv tam sim no thiab voltage. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev sib haum xeeb tam sim no muaj kev phom sij heev rau cov capacitors thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tawg yooj yim thiab ua rau theem-rau-theem luv luv. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub capacitor ua hauj lwm ib txwm, ib tug reactor uas tsim nyog inductance tus nqi yuav tsum tau kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv series nrog capacitor kom txo cov harmonic tam sim no thaum tsim nyog.
4. Relay tiv thaiv teeb meem
Kev tiv thaiv relay feem ntau pom tau los ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv relay. Tam sim no, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob hauv tsev muaj kev paub zoo, muaj kev nyab xeeb, ruaj khov, thiab muaj zog. Relay tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov khoom tsis zoo thiab yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob. Lub ntsiab capacitor relay tiv thaiv ntsuas muaj xws li: ① tiv thaiv peb-theem overcurrent; ② overvoltage tiv thaiv teeb tsa los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los ntawm lub xeev ruaj khov overvoltage ntawm lub kaw lus; ③ kom tsis txhob overvoltage tshwm sim los ntawm instantaneous rov qab capacitors tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug luv luv kaw ntawm lub kaw lus fais fab mov. Tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tiv thaiv teeb vim hluav taws xob puas; ④ Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tsis sib npaug, kev tiv thaiv tam sim no tsis sib npaug lossis peb-theem sib txawv voltage tiv thaiv teeb tsa kom muaj kev cuam tshuam sab hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm cov capacitors hauv lub txhab nyiaj capacitor.
5. Qhov teeb meem kaw
Lub tsev txhab nyiaj Capacitor raug txwv tsis pub rov qab thaum them nyiaj. Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas nws yuav siv sij hawm ib tug npaum li cas ntawm lub sij hawm tso tawm lub capacitor. Thaum hloov pauv ntawm lub txhab nyiaj capacitor mus ncig, yog tias nws rov kaw tam sim ntawd, lub capacitor yuav tsis muaj sijhawm los tawm. Tej zaum yuav muaj cov nqi sib txawv nrog cov polarity rov qab mus rau qhov rov qab qhov hluav taws xob hauv lub capacitor, uas yuav ua rau qhov kaw Ib qho loj surge tam sim no generated tam sim ntawd, ua rau lub plhaub capacitor nthuav, tshuaj tsuag roj lossis txawm tawg. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub txhab nyiaj capacitor raug kaw dua, nws yuav tsum tau ua 3 feeb tom qab lub tshuab hluav taws xob raug kaw. Yog li ntawd, capacitors tsis raug tso cai los nruab nrog cov khoom siv rov qab tsis siv neeg, thiab hloov pauv yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov khoom siv tsis siv neeg tsis siv neeg tsis siv neeg tawm.
Qee lub davhlau ya nyob twg substations feem ntau nruab nrog tsis siv neeg thaub qab fais fab hloov khoom siv. Cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm los txiav tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis raug, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov ntawm lub zog thaub qab tom qab ncua sijhawm luv. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem no, yog hais tias lub txhab nyiaj capacitor muaj ib tug tsawg-voltage nws tus kheej-switching muaj nuj nqi, lub capacitor bank yuav tsum switched nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm. Yog hais tias nws raug kaw dua nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, qhov saum toj no-hais tsis ua hauj lwm yuav tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, cov teeb meem kev hloov pauv ntawm lub tshuab thiab lub tsev txhab nyiaj capacitor nruab nrog tsis siv neeg thaub qab fais fab hloov khoom tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tag nrho.
6. Tso cai ua haujlwm kub
Thaum lub capacitor ua haujlwm ib txwm, qhov ntsuas kub nyob ib puag ncig nws feem ntau yog 40 degree ~ -25 degree ; Qhov kub ntawm qhov nruab nrab nruab nrab yuav tsum qis dua 65 degree, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 70 degree, txwv tsis pub nws yuav ua rau thermal tawg lossis bulging. Qhov kub ntawm lub plhaub capacitor yog nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab kub thiab qhov kub thiab txias thiab yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 55 degree. Yog li ntawd, chav tsev capacitor yuav tsum tau khaws cia zoo qhov cua kom ntseeg tau tias nws qhov kev khiav hauj lwm kub tsis tshaj qhov tso cai.
7. Tshem tawm suab teeb meem thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm
Capacitors feem ntau tsis muaj suab nrov thaum lawv khiav, tab sis qee zaum, lawv kuj yuav muaj teeb meem ntawm cov suab nrov thaum lawv khiav. Piv txwv li, yog tias lub casing ntawm lub capacitor tau tso rau hauv qhov qhib ntev dhau lawm, ib zaug cov dej nag nkag los ntawm ob lub casings thiab qhov hluav taws xob tau siv, lub suab tawm yuav tshwm sim; Thaum tsis muaj roj nyob rau hauv lub capacitor, qhov qis kawg ntawm lub casing yuav yooj yim raug rau cov roj. saum npoo, ces lub suab tawm yuav raug tso tawm; Yog hais tias muaj soldering los yog desoldering nyob rau hauv lub capacitor, flashover tawm yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov roj; Thaum lub hauv paus ntawm lub capacitor nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag tsis zoo nrog lub plhaub, ib tug floating voltage yuav tshwm sim, ua rau lub suab tawm. .
Thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim saum toj no tshwm sim, txhua qhov xwm txheej yuav tsum tau ua nrog, uas yog, txoj kev kho mob yog raws li hauv qab no: nres lub capacitor thiab tso tawm, tshem tawm cov txheej sab nrauv, qhuav nws thiab rov nruab nws; ntxiv tib yam specifications Capacitor roj; Yog hais tias lub suab nrov tsis nres, nws yuav tsum tau disassembled thiab kho; lub capacitor yuav tsum tawm ntawm kev pabcuam thiab tawm, kom cov tub ntxhais thiab lub plhaub tau zoo.
8. Teeb meem tawg
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub capacitor, yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom siv sab hauv ntawm lub capacitor, kev puas tsuaj rau lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub capacitor plhaub, tsis zoo sealing thiab roj to, bulging thiab internal dissociation, bulging thiab internal dissociation, them kaw los yog kub heev, thiab qhov cua tsis zoo, , kev khiav hauj lwm voltage siab dhau lawm, cov khoom sib haum xeeb loj dhau, kev khiav hauj lwm overvoltage, thiab lwm yam yuav ua rau lub capacitor puas thiab tawg. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo ntawm lub capacitor tawg, nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, 1.5 mus rau 2 npaug ntawm qhov tam sim no dhau los ntawm txhua pab pawg ntawm cov theem capacitors tuaj yeem nruab nrog lub fuse ceev. Yog tias lub capacitor tawg lawm, lub fuse ceev yuav yaj thiab txiav tawm. fais fab mov los tiv thaiv cov capacitors los ntawm kev txuas ntxiv ua kom sov; nruab ib lub ammeter ntawm txhua theem ntawm lub txee nyiaj kom paub meej tias qhov sib txawv tam sim no ntawm txhua theem tsis tshaj ± 5%. Yog tias pom qhov tsis sib xws, tawm ntawm qhov haujlwm tam sim ntawd thiab xyuas cov capacitors; saib xyuas qhov kub nce ntawm lub capacitor; ntxiv dag zog rau kev soj ntsuam Xyuas lub txhab nyiaj capacitor kom tsis txhob muaj roj to thiab bulging ntawm lub capacitor kom tsis txhob tawg.
