Stainless hlau yog heev hlub los ntawm cov neeg rau nws zoo nkauj tsos, corrosion kuj thiab tsis kam mus rau kev puas tsuaj.
Tab sis thaum cov xim av xeb tshwm nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov kav hlau stainless, tib neeg yuav xav tsis thoob: Vim li cas "stainless steel" kuj xeb? Yog tias nws yog xeb, nws puas tseem suav tias yog "stainless steel"? Puas muaj tej yam tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom?
Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog ib qho kev xav tsis zoo txog cov hlau tsis muaj steel, vim tias cov hlau tsis xeb kuj yuav xeb nyob rau hauv qee yam mob.
Stainless hlau muaj peev xwm tiv taus atmospheric oxidation--uas yog, stainless hlau-- nws kuj muaj peev xwm corrode hauv xov xwm uas muaj kua qaub, alkali thiab ntsev-- uas yog, corrosion kuj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion hloov nrog cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau nws tus kheej, nws lub xeev additive, kev siv tej yam kev mob thiab ib puag ncig nruab nrab hom.
Piv txwv li, 304 stainless hlau muaj cov xeb zoo heev nyob rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav thiab huv si. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias nws tau tsiv mus rau thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv, nws yuav sai sai tau xeb hauv hiav txwv pos huab uas muaj ntsev ntau; thaum 316 stainless hlau Nws ua tau zoo. Yog li ntawd, tsis yog txhua hom stainless hlau tuaj yeem tiv taus corrosion thiab xeb hauv ib puag ncig.
Stainless hlau tiv thaiv zaj duab xis kuj yuav puas
Stainless hlau cia siab rau kev tsim ntawm ib qho tsis tshua muaj nyias, muaj zog, zoo, thiab ruaj khov chromium-nplua nuj oxide zaj duab xis (tiv thaiv zaj duab xis) ntawm nws qhov chaw los tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntxiv thiab oxidation ntawm oxygen atoms, yog li tau txais lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv xeb. Thaum cov yeeb yaj kiab no tsis tu ncua vim qee qhov laj thawj, cov pa oxygen atom hauv huab cua lossis cov kua yuav nkag mus ntxiv lossis cov hlau atoms hauv cov hlau yuav txuas ntxiv sib cais, tsim cov hlau oxide xoob, thiab cov hlau saum npoo yuav raug corroded tsis tu ncua. Muaj ntau hom kev puas tsuaj rau zaj duab xis saum npoo no.
Feem ntau hauv lub neej niaj hnub muaj xws li cov hauv qab no:
1. Cov plua plav uas muaj lwm yam hlau los yog cov khoom sib txuas ntawm cov hlau tsis sib xws hauv cov hlau tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv huab cua ntub, cov dej condensed nruab nrab ntawm cov ntawv txuas thiab cov hlau tsis muaj hlau txuas ob mus rau hauv lub roj teeb micro, ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrochemical. , tiv thaiv zaj duab xis puas, uas yog hu ua electrochemical corrosion.
2. Organic kua txiv adheres rau saum npoo ntawm stainless hlau. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm dej thiab oxygen, nws tsim organic acid. Tau ntev, cov organic acid corrodes cov hlau nto.
3. Qhov saum npoo ntawm stainless hlau muaj cov kua qaub, alkalis, thiab ntsev (xws li cov dej alkaline thiab cov dej txiv qaub tawg rau ntawm phab ntsa), ua rau lub zos corrosion.
4. Nyob rau hauv cov pa phem (xws li ib qho chaw uas muaj cov sulfides ntau, carbon oxides, thiab nitrogen oxides), thaum ntsib condensed dej, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, thiab acetic acid kua ntsiab lus yuav tsim, ua rau cov tshuaj corrosion.
Tag nrho cov xwm txheej saum toj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau tsis huv thiab ua rau corrosion. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau xyuas kom meej tias cov hlau nto yog qhov ci ntsa iab thiab tiv thaiv xeb, peb pom zoo:
1. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov hniav stainless hlau yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav thiab txhuam tsis tu ncua kom tshem tawm cov ntawv txuas thiab tshem tawm cov khoom siv sab nraud uas ua rau kev hloov kho.
2. 316 stainless hlau yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv seaside cheeb tsam. 316 cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem tiv taus seawater corrosion.
3. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qee cov kav hlau stainless ntawm lub khw tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov qauv hauv tebchaws thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li 304 cov khoom siv. Yog li ntawd, nws tseem yuav ua rau xeb, uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xaiv cov khoom los ntawm cov tuam txhab muaj npe nrov.
Vim li cas stainless hlau kuj sib nqus?
Cov neeg feem ntau xav tias cov hlau nplaum nqus cov hlau tsis huv los xyuas nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tseeb. Yog tias nws tsis nyiam cov khoom tsis sib nqus, nws raug suav tias yog qhov zoo thiab qhov tseeb; yog tias nws nyiam cov hlau nplaum, nws raug suav tias yog ib qho cuav. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog ib txoj kev qhia tsis raug.
Muaj ntau ntau hom stainless hlau, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau pawg raws li lawv cov qauv hauv chav tsev kub:
1. Austenitic hom: xws li 201, 202, 301, 304, 316, thiab lwm yam;
2. Martensite lossis ferrite hom: xws li 430, 420, 410, thiab lwm yam;
Austenite yog tsis sib nqus los yog tsis muaj zog sib nqus, thaum martensite lossis ferrite yog sib nqus.
Feem ntau ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel feem ntau yog siv rau cov ntawv kho kom zoo nkauj yog cov khoom siv austenitic 304. Feem ntau hais lus, nws tsis yog magnetic los yog weakly magnetic. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg vim yog smelting lossis kev ua haujlwm sib txawv, cov hlau nplaum kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim, tab sis qhov no tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog cuav lossis tsis tsim nyog, yog vim li cas?
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, austenite tsis yog sib nqus lossis tsis muaj zog sib nqus, thaum martensite lossis ferrite yog sib nqus. Vim muaj kev sib cais los yog kev kho cua sov tsis tsim nyog thaum smelting, me me ntawm martensite lossis ferrite hauv austenitic 304 stainless hlau yuav tshwm sim. lub cev nqaij daim tawv. Ua li no, 304 stainless hlau yuav muaj zog hlau nplaum.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab txias ua hauj lwm ntawm 304 stainless hlau, lub koom haum qauv kuj yuav hloov mus rau martensite. Qhov ntau dua qhov kev ua haujlwm txias deformation, qhov hloov pauv martensitic ntau dua, thiab qhov loj dua cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov hlau. Ib yam li cov batch tooj ntawm steel strips, φ76 kav yog tsim tsis muaj kev sib nqus induction, thiab φ9.5 kav yog tsim. Vim tias qhov khoov deformation loj dua, qhov sib nqus induction yuav pom tseeb dua. Lub deformation ntawm lub square square raj yog loj dua li ntawm lub round raj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub kaum sab xis, lub deformation yog khaus thiab cov hlau nplaum yog pom tseeb dua.
Yuav kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov hlau nplaum ntawm 304 hlau los ntawm cov laj thawj saum toj no, cov qauv austenite ruaj khov tuaj yeem rov qab los ntawm kev kho qhov kub thiab txias, yog li tshem tawm cov hlau nplaum.
Tshwj xeeb, nws yuav tsum tau taw qhia tias cov hlau nplaum ntawm 304 stainless hlau vim yog cov laj thawj saum toj no tsis nyob rau tib theem li cov hlau nplaum ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv stainless hlau, xws li 430 thiab carbon hlau. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov hlau nplaum ntawm 304 steel ib txwm qhia tsis muaj zog hlau nplaum.
Qhov no qhia peb tias yog cov hlau tsis muaj hlau nplaum tsis muaj zog lossis tsis muaj hlau nplaum, nws yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas raws li 304 lossis 316 khoom; Yog tias nws muaj cov hlau nplaum zoo ib yam li carbon steel thiab qhia tias muaj zog hlau nplaum, nws yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas tias tsis yog 304 khoom.
