Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Circuit Court simplification
Lub complex circuits nyob rau hauv junior high school hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem yooj yim los ntawm cov hauv qab no:
☀ Ua ntej: tsis quav ntsej cov hlau tsis kam, nws xav tias R xaim yog ≈0. Qhov hluav taws xob hla ntawm cov xaim nrog cov dej ntws tam sim no yog xoom, thiab qhov hluav taws xob hla qhov hloov pauv tuaj yeem ntsuas tau thaum nws qhib (tsis muaj lwm qhov kev cuam tshuam hauv Circuit Court).
☀ Thib ob: Thaum lub kaw lus kaw, nws sib npaug rau cov xaim; thaum qhov hloov pauv tau qhib, nws yog qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov qhib Circuit Court, uas tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm ob qhov ntawm lub voj voog. Thaum lub qhov hluav taws xob kaw thiab tam sim no ntws, qhov hluav taws xob thoob plaws qhov hloov pauv yog xoom, thiab qhov hluav taws xob hla qhov hloov pauv tuaj yeem ntsuas tau thaum nws qhib (tsis muaj lwm qhov cuam tshuam hauv Circuit Court).
☀ Thib Peb: Qhov kev tiv thaiv sab hauv ntawm lub ammeter yog me me heev. Thaum txheeb xyuas hom kev sib txuas ntawm lub voj voog, qhov chaw nrog lub ammeter tuaj yeem suav tias yog cov xaim.
☀ Plaub: Sab hauv tsis kam ntawm voltmeter loj heev. Thaum txheeb xyuas hom kev sib txuas ntawm lub voj voog, qhov chaw nrog lub voltmeter tuaj yeem suav tau tias yog qhov qhib Circuit Court thiab tshem tawm ntawm ob qhov ntawm lub voj voog.
☀ Fifth: luv luv Circuit Court ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (kuj): Thaum cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (tsis kam) thiab cov xaim (hloov, ammeter) txuas rau tib lub sijhawm, tsis muaj qhov tam sim no dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (raws li qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no) , thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm ob qhov ntawm lub voj voog (tshem tawm).
☀ thib rau: Ntu Pa ntawm zawv zawg rheostat yog luv luv los ntawm cov hlau (hlau pas nrig) thiab tsis ua haujlwm. Tom qab tshem cov ntu Pa, daim duab hauv qab no dhau los ua daim duab b.
☀ Xya: Txheeb xyuas qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm tag nrho tam sim no, tag nrho qhov hluav taws xob thiab faib tam sim no thiab faib hluav taws xob raws li txoj cai tam sim no thiab voltage ntawm series thiab parallel circuits "series faib voltage, parallel txuas tam sim no".
☀ Yim yim: Yog hais tias lub ammeter txuas nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, ntsuas qhov tam sim no ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab yog tias lub voltmeter txuas nrog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, ntsuas qhov voltage ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntsuas los ntawm voltmeter tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm txoj kev plam thiab txoj hauv kev.
☀ cuaj: Raws li txoj cai, lub voltmeter yuav tsum tau txuas nrog nyob rau hauv tib lub voj voog. Thaum ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob sib cais, nws tuaj yeem txuas ncaj qha mus rau ob qho kawg ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob.
Feem ntau, yog tias lub voltmeter txuas nrog hauv series hauv Circuit Court, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yog qhov hluav taws xob thoob plaws lub zog hluav taws xob (saib cov ntawv sau kom paub meej). Yog hais tias lub ammeter txuas ncaj qha mus rau ob qho kawg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nws yuav raug hlawv, thiab lub zog hluav taws xob yuav luv luv, hlawv tawm ntawm lub hwj chim.
☀ Thib kaum: Yog tias tsis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (tshwj tsis yog cov keyboards thiab ammeters) ntawm cov xaim (nruab nrab ntawm cov nodes), ces txhua lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov taw tes, uas tuaj yeem ua ke, sib cais, nce lossis txo qis. (Txoj kev no tseem hu ua node method) Piv txwv li:
02
Cov kauj ruam yooj yim Circuit Court
☀ Kauj Ruam 1: Tshem tawm qhov hloov pauv raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub ncauj lus, thiab tig lub kaw hloov mus rau hauv ib lub xaim.
☀ Kauj Ruam 2: Tig lub ammeter rau hauv ib lub xaim (nws tseem tuaj yeem khaws cia raws li qhov xwm txheej).
☀ Kauj Ruam 3: Tshem tawm cov voltmeter.
☀ Kauj Ruam 4: Ua ke (lossis hloov pauv) cov nodes ntawm cov hlau. (Cov kauj ruam no yog siv thaum muaj ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv Circuit Court thiab lawv tau entangled nrog ib leeg)
☀ Kauj Ruam 5: Kos daim duab sib npaug hauv Circuit Court los txiav txim seb cov khoom siv hluav taws xob puas txuas nrog hauv koob lossis sib npaug.
☀ Kauj Ruam 6: Siv cov hauv paus ntsiab lus 7 thiab 8 hauv qhov qub Circuit Court los txiav txim qhov hluav taws xob tam sim no thiab qhov voltage ntawm ammeter thiab voltmeter ntsuas.
☀ Kauj Ruam 7: Ntxiv cov voltmeter thiab ammeter rau qhov sib npaug ntawm daim duab hluav taws xob, thiab txheeb xyuas qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm txhua lub ammeter thiab qhov sawv cev voltage. (Principle Xya)
03
Xaiv cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm cov piv txwv classic
☀ Piv txwv 1: Hauv daim duab qhia hauv qab no, tom qab qhov hloov S raug kaw, kev nyeem ntawv ntawm voltmeter V1 yog 2.5V, thiab kev nyeem ntawv V2 yog 1V. Yog tias kev nyeem ntawv A2 yog 0.2A, qhov kev nyeem ntawv A1 yog dab tsi? Nrhiav qhov voltage hla ob lub teeb.
duab
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas: Kauj Ruam 1: Tig lub hloov mus rau hauv ib lub xaim;
Kauj Ruam 2: Tig lub ammeter rau hauv ib lub xaim;
Qhov thib peb kauj ruam yog tshem tawm cov voltmeter.
Kauj ruam plaub (tso tseg)
Kauj Ruam 5: Txiav txim siab txoj kev sib txuas hluav taws xob
duab
Obviously, ob lub teeb qhov muag teev yog txuas nrog hauv series hauv Circuit Court.
Kauj Ruam 6: Raws li txoj cai 4, paub tias voltmeter V2 raug txiav, yog li tsis muaj tam sim no ntws los ntawm A1, thiab kev nyeem ntawv yog xoom; Raws li txoj kev plam, nws paub tias V1 txuas nrog tib lub zog, thiab ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. V2 thiab L2 txuas nrog nyob rau hauv parallel, thiab qhov voltage hla L2 yog ntsuas.
Kauj Ruam 7: Daim duab sib npaug sib npaug yog raws li hauv qab no:
duab
Raws li daim duab kos duab sib npaug, nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov yuav tsum tau muaj I1=I2=0.2A
U1=2.5V-1V=1.5V U2=1V
duab
☀ Piv txwv 2: Raws li pom hauv daim duab, tom qab qhov hloov s raug kaw, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov sawv cev tam sim no yog, thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov sawv cev tam sim no yog ___.
duab
Kev tsom xam: thawj kauj ruam: tig qhov hloov mus rau hauv ib lub xaim;
Kauj Ruam 2: Tig lub ammeter rau hauv ib lub xaim;
Qhov thib peb kauj ruam: tshem tawm lub voltmeter; theem plaub (tso tseg);
Kauj Ruam 5: Txiav txim siab hom kev sib txuas ntawm txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob:
duab
Kauj Ruam 6: Txiav txim cov khoom ntsuas los ntawm ammeter thiab voltmeter raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus 7 thiab 8 thiab cov txheej txheem plam lossis qhov chaw tshem tawm.
① Nyob rau hauv thawj lub voj voog, yog tias lub voltmeter raug tshem tawm, nws tuaj yeem pom tias ammeters A1 thiab A2 tau txuas nrog hauv series nrog lub teeb, yog li cov lej sawv cev tam sim no sib npaug;
② Siv txoj kev plam, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias V1 ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm L1, V2 ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm lub hwj chim, thiab V3 ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm L2.
Kauj Ruam 7: Daim duab sib npaug sib npaug yog raws li hauv qab no:
duab
duab
☀ Piv txwv 3: Tom qab kaw lub voj voog, qhov kev nyeem ntawm v1, v2, thiab v3 yog 8V, 9V, thiab 4V raws li, yog li dab tsi yog qhov voltages ntawm ob kawg ntawm L1, L2, thiab L3?
duab
Qhov kev sib raug zoo voltage yuav tsum yog: U2=U1 plus U3 I1=I2
Kev daws: Raws li "Kaum Txoj Cai, Xya Kauj Ruam", daim duab sib npaug ntawm lub voj voog tuaj yeem tau txais raws li hauv qab no:
duab
Los ntawm daim duab sib npaug, cov kab zauv hauv qab no tuaj yeem tau txais:
UL1 plus UL2=8V
UL2 plus UL3=9V
UL3=4V
Solution: UL1=3v UL2=5v UL3=4V
duab
☀ Piv txwv 4: Raws li pom hauv daim duab, nws paub tias ob lub teeb L1 thiab L2 txuas nrog hauv cov koob, tom qab ntawd qhov kev txiav txim kom raug ntawm peb lub ammeters (ammeter lossis voltmeter) hauv ①, ② thiab ③ yog ( )
A. ① yog ammeter, ② thiab ③ yog voltmeters;
B. ① thiab ③ yog voltmeters, thiab ② yog ammeter;
C. ① thiab ② yog ammeters, thiab ③ yog voltmeter;
D. ①② thiab ③ yog ob qho tib si ammeters
duab
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas: Cov lus nug no tuaj yeem teb tau los ntawm txoj kev tshem tawm. Sau rau hauv cov rooj rau cov lus teb rau A
Ntawm peb txoj haujlwm, raws li "kaum lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, xya kauj ruam" daim duab kos tau yooj yim rau:
duab
Obviously, nws tsis haum lub npe.
Sau cov lus teb B rau hauv daim duab, lub voj voog tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim xws li:
duab
Hom kev sau no haum rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus nug.
Sau cov lus teb C rau hauv Circuit Court, Circuit Court L1 raug txiav, thiab daim duab qhia kev yooj yim yog tib yam li cov lus teb A, uas tsis ua raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus nug. Sau cov lus ntawm cov lus teb rau D nyob rau hauv daim duab, lub hwj chim mov yog luv luv, thiab tsis muaj tam sim no ntws los ntawm ob lub qhov muag teev, uas tsis ua raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus nug. Yog li xaiv teb B.
