Koj puas paub tias lub pob hluav taws kub ntawm lub teeb muaj tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus xws li qhov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob ntawm lub qhov cub hluav taws xob, qhov ua rau lub fuze ntawm lub plhaub, thiab cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm nuclear submarine.
Cia peb pib nrog nuclear submarines.
Qhov kev sib txuas lus deb tshaj plaws rau tib neeg yog Voyager 1, uas tau ya tawm ntawm lub hnub ci, uas tam sim no yog 20.6 billion kilometers deb ntawm lub ntiaj teb (raws li lub Kaum Ob Hlis 5, 2016); qhov kev tshawb pom deb tshaj plaws yog cov galaxies billions ntawm lub teeb xyoo deb.
Txawm li cas los xij, nuclear submarines raug nqi ntau tshaj li ib txhiab daus las. Lawv nyob hauv hiav txwv tob, thiab qhov kev ncua deb lawv tuaj yeem "pom" thiab qhov kev sib txuas lus ntawm ib leeg yog xam hauv meters.
Kev siv "kev pom luv luv" yog qhov deb ntawm qhov txaus los piav qhia qhov luv-sightedness ntawm submarines hauv hiav txwv. Piv nrog rau electromagnetic yoj nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv av, submarines nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv yog tiag tiag "dig muag".
Dab tsi ntau tus neeg xav paub yog tias tib neeg tau nkag mus rau xyoo pua 21st, vim li cas kev tshawb nrhiav hauv qab dej thiab kev sib txuas lus hauv qab dej tseem yog qhov qub thiab rov qab? Koj siv tsis tau electromagnetic nthwv dej ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb zaus band? Vim li cas peb tseem yuav tau siv suab nthwv dej zoo li puav?
Vim li cas thiaj siv suab nthwv dej?
Nws yog qhov tseeb tseeb tias nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv ntshiab heev, lub hnub tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj 200 meters hauv qab hiav txwv. Cov nroj tsuag muaj nyob. Yog tias nws nyob hauv thaj chaw muaj kuab paug hnyav, lub hnub ci yuav ncav cuag li 1 meter hauv qab dej.
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Koj puas nco qab, thaum ua luam dej, koj tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv qab li cas?
Lub teeb yog ib hom electromagnetic yoj. Yog tias qhov nkag mus ntawm lub teeb hauv dej tsis zoo, ces lwm qhov hluav taws xob tsis zoo, xws li ntau yam radar nthwv dej, tsis zoo dua.
Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho nyuaj siab tias txawm hais tias tib neeg tuaj yeem siv radar los ntes cov foob pob hluav taws uas ya ntau txhiab mais deb, thiab siv lub koob yees duab astronomical los soj ntsuam cov galaxies billions ntawm lub teeb-xyoos deb, tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no ua haujlwm zoo hauv hiav txwv.
Yog li, peb tsuas yog hais tias:
Peb paub ntau ntxiv txog lub hli tshaj qhov peb paub txog qhov tob ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb!
Peb paub ntau ntxiv txog sab hauv ntawm lub hnub dua li peb ua txog sab hauv ntawm lub ntiaj teb!
Txij li txhua yam xov tooj cua tshawb nrhiav tsis tuaj yeem siv hauv qab hiav txwv, ua li cas txog lwm cov thev naus laus zis dub?
Yuav ua li cas hais txog neutrinos uas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb thiab siv nws rau kev sib txuas lus thiab tshawb pom? Zoo siab uas cov neeg txawv teb chaws tseem tsis tau qhia peb.
Yuav ua li cas rau underwater quantum kev sib txuas lus? Tej zaum tsis ntev, cov neeg txawv teb chaws tab tom taug kev mus rau lub ntiaj teb los ntawm Centaurus.
Cov kws tshaj lij Sonar qhia peb tias tam sim no, hauv qab dej, tib yam uas peb tuaj yeem tso siab tau yog suab nthwv dej, zoo li puav!
Ib lub foob pob me me uas hnyav dua 2 kilograms tawg hauv dej, thiab lub suab nthwv dej tuaj yeem kis tau ntau dua 4,200 mais. (Qhov tawg nyob rau hauv daim duab txav yog qhov tawg ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws hauv dej. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov loj "balloon" tsim tau sai sai rov qab los rau nws qhov qub qub los ntawm dej siab.)
Sonar txoj cai
Thaum nws los txog lub suab, peb yeej paub nws. Lub passive sonar ntawm lub submarine yog sib npaug rau peb pob ntseg, thiab lub active sonar yog me ntsis zoo li kev sib xyaw ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab pob ntseg. Yog tias koj kaw koj lub qhov muag thiab qw, koj yuav hnov lub suab nrov tom qab ob vib nas this, yog li koj tuaj yeem hais tias, "Raws li tus txiv neej laus txiav txim siab, muaj lub roob loj ntawm 340 meters."
Ntawm chav kawm, nquag sonar nyob rau hauv lub submarine tsis tuaj yeem cia siab rau kev qw, nws cia siab rau hluav taws xob. Koj hais tias, yog tias muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, lossis lub suab nrov nrov tawg, koj puas tuaj yeem qw? Kuv puas tau?
Qhov no... yeej muaj ib txoj kev zoo dua.
Kov ntawm lub submarine ...
Txoj kev khob ntawm submarines no tau pom hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab. Seb nws tau siv nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag yog untestable. Peb tsuas paub tias lub teb chaws tau siv grenades tawg nyob rau hauv dej kom xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau underwater submarines.
Lub suab nthwv dej tsuas yog kev txhawb nqa rau nuclear submarines hauv qab dej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas peb yuav tsum to taub lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm sonar. Qhov tseeb, nws yog qhov nthuav ntau dua li peb xav.
Nws tuaj yeem hais tias txhua tus tuaj yeem siv cov ntsiab lus siv hauv sonar, thiab ntau tus neeg haus luam yeeb qub siv ntau tshaj kaum lossis nees nkaum zaug hauv ib hnub, tab sis txhua tus tsis paub txog nws.
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Nias cia kom tsim tau lub txim hluav taws xob.
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piezoelectric igniter siv
Ntau tus neeg xav tias lub pob dub hauv lub teeb yog lub roj teeb, uas khaws cov hluav taws xob, tab sis tsis yog. Nws yog piezoceramic uas tso siab rau cov neeg kho tshuab siab ntawm koj tus ntiv tes xoo los tsim ib qho hluav taws xob uas ua rau muaj qhov hluav taws kub. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub igniter nyob rau hauv lub teeb tsis tas yuav muab pov tseg, thiab txawm tias nws yuav khaws cia rau ntau xyoo, nws tseem yuav ua haujlwm vim nws tsis yog roj teeb.
Xyoo 1880, cov kwv tij Pierre thiab Jacques Curie nrhiav pom cov nyhuv piezoelectric.
Nws yog qhov xav tias ob tug kwv tij yuav tsis xav txog tias lawv qhov kev tshawb pom yuav pom nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob ntawm lub qhov cub hluav taws xob hauv ntau txhiab tsev neeg, hauv tes ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb, hauv cov fuzes ntawm lub plhaub thiab hauv nuclear submarines muaj nqis ntau tshaj li ib txhiab daus las. hauv hiav txwv. .
Nws kuj tseem pom tau tias cov pej xeem nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tsis tau them nyiaj ntau rau qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov nyhuv piezoelectric. Kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb yeej ib txwm zoo ib yam - cov thawj coj tau cog ntoo ntsiag to, thiab cov xeeb ntxwv nyiam qhov ntxoov ntxoo zoo siab.
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Schematic daim duab ntawm cov nyhuv piezoelectric
@Tizeff
Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab saum toj no, siv lub siab rau ib daim ntawm piezoelectric khoom tsim ib tug hluav taws xob tam sim no. Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov tshuab hluav taws xob rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.
Muaj ntau ntau hom piezoelectric cov ntaub ntawv, ib qho ntawm cov piezoelectric ceramics, uas yog rhiab heev, thiab me ntsis siab yuav tsim ib tug voltage. raug.
Thiab suab nthwv dej yog siab-suab siab. Lub suab humming thiab tig lub suab ntawm lub kiv cua ntawm tus yeeb ncuab submarine ua rau lub suab siab, thiab thaum nws kov lub piezoelectric ceramics ntawm peb lub nkoj nkoj, qhov hloov pauv lub suab siab yuav hloov mus rau qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv, yog li koj tuaj yeem hnov qhov kwv yees kwv yees ntawm tus nrog sib ntaus lub nkoj nkoj. nce.
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Conversely, nquag sonar yog emit suab nthwv dej, yuav ua li cas emit lawv? Nws yooj yim heev, cia peb coj piezoelectric ceramics ua piv txwv. Txij li thaum lub suab siab yuav ua rau muaj qhov hluav taws xob, tom qab ntawd, yog tias muaj hluav taws xob siv rau piezoelectric ceramics, puas yuav tsis piezoelectric ceramics deform? Ntawd yog nws, qhov deformation ceev ntawm cov khoom yog lub suab.
Qhov xav tau ntawm lub suab, xws li infrasound, suab tsis, lossis ultrasonic tsis, nyob ntawm qhov hluav taws xob peb thov. Qhov no yog active sonar. Tau kawg, ntxiv rau kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob rau deform cov khoom siv, cov hlau nplaum kuj tseem siv tau, uas yog cov nyhuv magnetostrictive.
submarine kev sib tsoo
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias muaj lub hiav txwv tshawb nrhiav artifact-sonar, nuclear submarines yuav tsis yooj yim siv active sonar.
Qhov ntawd yog, yog hais tias lub submarine nuclear tsis muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev zais, ces nws yuav poob ib feem loj ntawm nws cov nqi. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom nkaum hauv hiav txwv tob, cov yeeb ncuab paub koj qhov chaw nyob txhua lub sijhawm. Koj xav li cas? Tus neeg tua hluav taws tsis tuaj yeem hloov koj?
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Koj yog thawj tus neeg tua neeg hmo ntuj, tab sis koj tau qhib lub teeb pom kev muaj zog (nrog sonar nquag) thaum koj taug kev hmo ntuj. Koj tau pom lwm tus, txoj kev, thiab koj tus kheej.
Yog li ntawd, thaum nuclear submarines, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ballistic missile nuclear submarines, yog submerged nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv sib sib zog nqus, lawv tsis muaj peev xwm tig rau active sonar casually, thiab tsuas yog siv passive sonar mus ntes tau yeeb ncuab nkoj nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv.
Lub nuclear submarines ntawm teb chaws Aas Kiv thiab Fabkis sib tsoo vim lawv tsis siv active sonar.
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Daim duab qhia txog British nuclear submarine Avant-Garde, uas tau tsoo nrog Fabkis Triumph-chav kawm nuclear submarine hauv 2009.
Tom qab cov British thiab Fabkis submarines sib tsoo, Fabkis submarine xav tias nws tau tsoo ib yam khoom uas tsis paub thiab raug puas tsuaj loj. Nws siv 3 hnub rov qab mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj. Tom qab kuaj xyuas qhov raug mob, Fabkis Navy tau tshaj tawm tam sim ntawd nws xav tias nws tau tsoo lub thawv.
Thaum Tebchaws Askiv hnov qhov no, nws maj nrawm rau Fabkis los piv cov kev raug mob ntawm ob lub nkoj nkoj, thiab thaum kawg pom tau hais tias lub nkoj nkoj nuclear ntawm ob lub tebchaws tau sib tsoo. Tu siab heev 😅
