1. General
Txhawm rau tsim cov qauv ntawm cov duab kos duab hauv lub tuam txhab, ua rau lawv yooj yim thiab tsim qauv, thiab pab txhawb kev sib koom tes hauv network, cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov duab kos duab tau tsim. Qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no siv rau cov duab kos duab peb sab thiab engineering kos duab kos los ntawm Solidworks thiab Creo software hauv kev kos duab engineering ntawm lub tuam txhab. Yog tias cov ntsiab lus tsis tau teev tseg hauv qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem siv, nws yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv hauv tebchaws thiab cov cai.
2. Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev siv kos duab software
Cov ntsiab lus hauv ntu no siv Solidworks software ua piv txwv, thiab Creo software tau teeb tsa thiab siv raws li tus qauv no.
2.1. Template xaiv
Thaum siv cov khoom siv los tsim cov qauv ua qauv thiab cov qauv sib dhos, koj yuav tsum siv cov qauv qauv uas tau teev tseg los ntawm lub tuam txhab, thiab cov npe template yog "qhov chaw - XX lub tuam txhab", "them - XX tuam txhab".
Thaum siv cov khoom siv los tsim cov duab kos duab engineering, koj yuav tsum siv cov qauv kos duab kos duab uas tau teev tseg los ntawm lub tuam txhab, thiab cov npe template yog "Engineering Drawing A0A1- XX Company", "Engineering Drawing A2A3A{{ 4}}XX Company".
Tom qab xaiv cov qauv kos duab engineering, xaiv hom duab tsim nyog. Raws li lub teb chaws tus qauv, lub tuam txhab tau tsim 5 hom kev kos duab, suav nrog "A0-XX tuam txhab", "A1-XX tuam txhab", "A2-XX tuam txhab", "A 3-XX lub tuam txhab", "A4 Longitudinal - ib lub tuam txhab". Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias kab rov tav hom tsis pub rau A4 kos duab.
2.2. Sketch specification
Tom qab tsim ib feem tshiab, yog tias nws yog ib qho extruded feature, xaiv lub dav hlau sab saum toj rau lub dav hlau sketch; yog hais tias nws yog ib tug revolved feature, xaiv txoj cai los yog pem hauv ntej dav hlau rau lub sketch dav hlau.
extrude feature
Rotate feature
Daim duab kos yuav tsum tau txhais tag nrho (cov duab kos duab yog xim dub), thiab kev txwv (perpendicular, parallel, sib npaug, sib luag, tangent, thiab lwm yam) yuav tsum tau siv ntau li ntau tau es tsis txhob qhov ntev los ua cov duab kos tag nrho.
2.3. Qauv specification
Tom qab tsim ib feem thiab kev sib dhos qauv, "kev cai tus cwj pwm daim npav" yuav tsum tau sau rau hauv, suav nrog: lub npe, qauv code, yam khoom naj npawb, cov khoom siv, thiab cov lus hais.
Ib feem thiab kev sib dhos qauv npe cov cai tswj hwm yog kos tus lej ntxiv rau lub npe, thiab tus lej kos npe thiab lub npe zoo ib yam nrog cov uas sau rau hauv daim npav tus cwj pwm.
2.4. Daim duab naj npawb specification
Txoj kev npaj yog: cov khoom code ntxiv rau serial tooj, xws li XXX-01-02-00, XXX-01-02-01. Ntawm lawv, "XXX" qhia cov khoom code, tus lej kawg yog "00", uas txhais tau hais tias nws yog daim duab sib dhos, thiab thaum tus lej kawg yog "01", "02", thiab lwm yam, nws yog qhia raws li ib feem ntawm daim duab. Txoj cai naming ntawm "XXX" yog: lus Askiv lub npe ntawm lub tshuab luv luv ntxiv rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv, piv txwv li, MXJ800 txhais tau tias lub tshuab sib tsoo, 800 txhais tau tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ua txoj kab uas hla yog 800mm. Feem ntau, tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem tsuas yog muab faib ua plaub txheej ntawm cov duab kos feem ntau, thiab cov txheej txheem faib cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws tau qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no:
Kev kos duab
XXX -00
Thawj txheej ntawm daim duab kos duab
XXX -01
Thawj pem teb sib dhos kos duab
XXX -02-00
Daim duab kos duab ntawm txheej thib ob
XXX -02-01
theem ob sib dhos
XXX -02-02-00
Qhov thib peb txheej ntawm daim duab kos duab
XXX -02-02-01
thib peb txheej los ua ke
XXX -02-02-02-00
Plaub txheej ntawm daim duab kos duab
XXX -02-02-02-01
XXX -02-02-02-02
XXX -02-02-02-03
...
Qhov thib peb txheej ntawm daim duab kos duab
XXX -02-02-03
...
...
Daim duab kos duab ntawm txheej thib ob
XXX -02-03
...
...
Thawj txheej ntawm daim duab kos duab
XXX -03
thawj theem sib dhos
XXX -04-00
...
...
2.5. Hom ntawv specification
1) font
Cov kev cai dav dav yog tias daim duab kos yuav tsum meej, qhov loj me yuav tsum tsim nyog, thiab font (Suav cim) yuav tsum yog Hanyi Chang Fangsong typeface.
(a) Cov Lus Cim: suav nrog cov lej feem, cov ntsiab lus datum, geometric kam rau ua, sau ntawv thiab cov cim vuam, thiab qhov siab ntawm font tau pom zoo kom yog 3.5mm.
b) Kev cai lij choj: Cov kev cai lij choj feem ntau nyob saum lub npe bar. Nws raug pom zoo tias lo lus qhov siab ntawm "Technical Requirements" hauv A2, A3, thiab A4 daim ntawv qhia thav ntawv yog 5mm, thiab lo lus qhov siab ntawm "Technical Requirements" cov ntsiab lus yog 3.5mm; Lo lus qhov siab ntawm "Ruav tsum" yog 7 hli, thiab lo lus qhov siab ntawm "Technical Requirements" yog 5 hli.
(c) Dimensions: nrog rau lub kaum sab xis, arc ntev, chamfer, txoj kab uas hla, qhov cim, linearity, dimension saw thiab vojvoog, thiab qhov siab font yog pom zoo kom 3.5 hli.
(d) Daim ntawv: Qhov siab font tau pom zoo kom yog 5 hli.
(e) Saib cov cim: suav nrog kev saib xyuas, ib feem saib, ntu saib, thiab lwm yam., qhov siab font tau pom zoo kom yog 5 hli.
2) Kab hom
Kab hom kev faib tawm
Lub thickness ntawm cov kab contour (cov khoom tuab) thiab lwm cov kab (thin khoom kab) yog qhov tseeb thiab tsim nyog. Nws raug pom zoo tias qhov dav ntawm cov kab tuab tuab yog {{0}}.35mm, thiab qhov dav ntawm cov kab nyias nyias yog 0.18mm. cov ntsiab lus raws li hauv qab no:
(a) Pom ntug: style: khoom kab; kab thickness: 0.35mm
(b) Hidden ntug: style: khoom kab; kab thickness: 0.18mm
(c) Sketch nkhaus: style: khoom kab; kab thickness: 0.18mm
(d) Constructive nkhaus: style: center kab; kab thickness: 0.18mm
(e) Cheeb Tsam hatching / sau: style: khoom kab; kab thickness: 0.18mm
(f) Cov kab tawg: style: ob-dot dash kab; kab thickness: 0.18mm
3) saib
Saib lub kaum sab xis: Thawj Qhov Kev Pom Zoo
(a) Tshooj saib
Thaum tsuas muaj ib qho kev pom nyob rau hauv ib daim duab, qhov seem saib tsis tas yuav tsum tau cim nrog daim ntawv lo, tab sis tsuas yog xav tau los qhia txog txoj hauj lwm thiab cov lus qhia. Tshwj tsis yog hais tias muaj lwm yam, qhov seem saib tsis tas yuav tsum tau sau tseg; Thaum qhov ntsuas tsis sib haum nrog qhov kev pom, cov lus piav qhia yuav tsum tau sau tseg thiab muab tso ncaj qha rau saum qhov pom.
Thaum muaj ntau qhov kev pom nyob rau hauv ib qho kev kos duab, cov kev pom seem yuav tsum tau cim nrog cov ntawv sau, txiav txoj haujlwm thiab txiav cov lus qhia, thiab cov lus piav qhia yuav tsum raug cim ncaj qha saum toj ntawm cov lus sib thooj.
(b) Ib feem saib
Cov txheej txheem saib ib nrab: GB; font: Nkauj; font loj: 5.0mm.
Style: nrog tus thawj coj.
Cov ntawv lo: Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ... khij ncaj nraim saum qhov pom ib nrab: xws li , .
(c) rau qhov pom
Saib daim ntawv lo: xws li kev coj A, kev coj B, thiab lwm yam.; cim rau saum qhov pom.
4) lwm yam
(a) Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los qhia qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv no "*/unit" nyob rau sab xis sab xis ntawm kab "Material" nyob rau hauv lub npe bar ntawm txhua feem ntawm engineering kos duab.
(b) Cov cim datum, seem saib cov cim thiab cov cim taw qhia hauv txhua daim duab kos duab yuav tsum raug cim nrog cov ntawv Askiv A, B, C, D ..., thiab tsis tso cai rov ua dua.
3. Kev kos duab xav tau
3.1. Saib kev xaiv ncej
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev lag luam, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev xaiv daim duab qhia qhov loj me yog: nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov duab tuaj yeem qhia meej, qhov me me ntawm daim duab qhia chaw, qhov zoo dua; A4 tuaj yeem siv los qhia meej yam tsis muaj A3, thiab A3 tuaj yeem siv los qhia meej yam tsis muaj A2. Yog tias A2 qhia meej meej, tsis txhob siv A1, thiab yog tias koj tuaj yeem siv A1 qhia kom meej, tsis txhob siv A0. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev kos duab kos duab kos duab thiab kos duab kos duab yog tias lub khoos phis tawj kos duab tuaj yeem nthuav dav ib feem tsis kawg. Ib qho yuam kev ua los ntawm cov neeg tuaj tshiab yog qhov loj ntawm daim duab me me, uas ua rau cov cim tsis meej tom qab luam ntawv, uas ua rau muaj teeb meem rau cov neeg ua haujlwm.
3.2. Qauv Uniformity
Kev kos duab yog cov duab kos duab, thiab kos duab yuav tsum xav txog yuav ua li cas kom pom qhov kev tso kawm tsim nyog thiab cov duab kos duab zoo ib yam. Qhov kev tso kawm ntawm kev pom, qhov ntev, cov cim ua haujlwm, cov kev xav tau, cov sijhawm teem sijhawm, thiab lwm yam yog txhua yam muaj feem xyuam rau qhov sib xws ntawm cov duab kos.
3.3. Daim duab nplai
Qhov ntsuas ntawm daim duab yog xaiv kom tsim nyog, thiab qhov kev faib ua feem pom zoo los ntawm lub teb chaws tus qauv yog nyiam, xws li 1: 1.5 × 10n, 1: 2 × 10n, 1: 2.5 × 10n, 1: 3 × 10n, 1: 4 × 10n, 1:5 × 10n, 1:6 × 10n, qhov twg n=0,1,2…, tab sis txhawm rau ua kom cov duab kos duab tsim nyog, sib koom ua ke thiab zoo nkauj, qhov sib npaug xws li 1: 7 thiab 1: 8 tuaj yeem siv tau, tab sis 1: 5.5 thiab 1: 6.5 tsis tuaj yeem siv qhov sib npaug sib npaug.
Qhov piv ntawm qhov loj ntawm ib feem yog qhov piv ntawm daim duab loj rau qhov loj me. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus nplai ntawm daim duab yog 1: 2, thiab ib feem ntawm daim duab loj loj ua rau daim duab loj dua 4 zaug, qhov ntsuas yuav tsum tau muab cim ua 2: 1 es tsis yog 4: 1 ntawm ib feem ntawm daim duab loj.
3.4. Saib kev xaiv
Ntev npaum li cov duab ntawm ib feem tuaj yeem qhia meej, qhov tsawg dua qhov pom zoo dua. Qhov kev pom uas tuaj yeem qhia tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum raug xaiv los ua qhov pom tseem ceeb, thiab qhov pom sab saum toj, sab pom, pom kev taw qhia, thiab ib feem saib yuav tsum tau ntxiv yog tias tsim nyog, tab sis tsis muaj kev pom rov qab yuav tsum tshwm sim. Yog tias qhov kev pom tuaj yeem qhia meej qhov tsis muaj nws, thiab tsis muaj qhov ntsuas qhov loj me ntawm qhov pom, nws txhais tau tias qhov kev pom no tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Yog li ntawd, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom yooj yim yog: Kev pom tsis muaj qhov ntev tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm!
Hauv kev sib dhos, cov duab kos thiab lwm yam kev kos duab kos duab, nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los qhia meej cov qauv ntawm txhua qhov chaw, tab sis kev sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov chaw, vuam txoj haujlwm thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau qhia meej meej.
3.5. Dimensioning
Kev xaiv cov qauv ntsuas: cov qauv ntsuas tau muab faib ua cov qauv tsim qauv, qauv tsim qauv, thiab ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas. Sim ua kom sib koom ua ke ntawm peb qhov kev ntsuas kom txo qis kev tsim khoom. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim qauv, qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev ntsuas yav tom ntej yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tag nrho.
Reference Dimensions: Dimensions tsis tso cai kaw thiab rov tso dua. Thaum qee qhov ntev xav tau tiag tiag (nrog rau qhov loj me no, lub hom phiaj tsim qauv tuaj yeem qhia meej meej dua, thiab qhov hloov pauv qhov loj tuaj yeem zam tau), tab sis kev kos lub qhov ntev ua rau rov ua qhov chaw los yog kaw qhov ntev, qhov siv qhov ntev (qhov loj me nrog cov hlua) yog siv. los sawv cev rau nws, raws li qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no hauv qhov loj (15).
Associative dimensions qhia nyob rau hauv ib qho kev pom kom deb li deb tau. Xws li qhov chaw loj thiab cov duab loj ntawm lub qhov.
Fillet Dimensioning: Khoov radii rau daim hlau thiab cov hlab yog dimensioned nrog puab radii.
Omission of dimensioning: Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem dimensioning, siv lub kaum sab xis tsim ("Mechanical Engineering Literature" Ceeb toom: Raws nraim raws li cov txheej txheem ua) los kos qhov loj (tsis muaj ib qho me me, cov khoom tsis tuaj yeem tsim tau). Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov duab, kev teeb tsa thiab kev sib txuas qhov ntev hauv cov duab kos.
Tus nqi loj: Thaum tsim, sim xaiv qhov loj me ntawm 5 thiab 10 rau qhov loj ntawm qhov tsis ua tiav; xaiv 34, 58, thiab lwm yam., uas yog 1 ~ 3 hli me dua qhov sib npaug ntawm 5 thiab 10. ("Mechanical Engineering Wenhui" Ceeb toom: Raws li cov qauv ntawm cov khoom loj specifications, cov nyiaj ua haujlwm tau tshwj tseg)
Thaum ntsib cov lej hauv qhov ntev hloov los ntawm cov ces kaum, cov lej no yuav tsum tau muab sib npaug. Piv txwv li, qhov ntev 114.88 tuaj yeem sib npaug rau 115, thiab qhov ntev 33.668 tuaj yeem sib npaug rau 33.7 degree. Cov kev cai rounding rau qhov ntev nrog decimals yog raws li nram no: Length qhov ntev yuav muab sib npaug rau ib tug decimal qhov chaw. Feem ntau, hauv qab 0.3 yog sib npaug rau 0, {{10}}.3~0.6 yog sib npaug rau 0.5, thiab saum toj no 0.6 yog sib npaug rau 1. Lub kaum sab xis qhov ntev yog feem ntau sib npaug rau ib qhov chaw decimal. Hauv qab no 0.05 yog sib npaug rau 0, saum toj no 0.05 yog sib npaug rau 0.1.
Dimension kab yuav tsum tsis txhob sib tshuam. Thaum cov kab kab sib tshuam, nws txhais tau hais tias txoj hauj lwm ntawm qhov dimension tsis yog lawm.
Kev npaj ntawm ib feem serial tooj: Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov duab, cov serial tooj yog teem nyob rau hauv clockwise los yog counterclockwise kev txiav txim, thiab kev npaj nyob rau hauv kab yog tsis tso cai.
4. Ua cov cim
Thaum twg siv cov cim machining? Lub tuam txhab kev cai teev tseg tias cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv xws li tig, milling, npaj, sib tsoo, sawing, drilling, thiab tho txawv yog ua, thiab lwm txoj kev tsis ua.
Roughness: Yog tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau, qhov roughness ntawm 12.5 feem ntau yog saws; Qhov roughness ntawm ib qho chaw sib txuam yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua 3.2, thiab qhov roughness ntawm txhua qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau muaj siab (xws li lub tshuab nqus tsev sealing nto) yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua 1.6. Thaum tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm (xws li phaj nto, casting nto) yog siv, lub cim roughness tsis muaj kab rov tav yog siv.
5. Kev ua siab ntev haum
5.1. Dimensional kam rau ua
Kev xaiv haum: cuam tshuam, hloov pauv, tshem tawm haum rau kev zam raug xaiv raws li kev pom zoo pom zoo hauv cov qauv hauv tebchaws.
Lub siab ntev ntawm qhov ntev linear yog sib sau ua ke rau daim ntawv lo rau txoj cai kam rau ua thiab cov nqi sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm tib lub sijhawm. Tus nqi ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov txwv yuav tsum tau muab ntim rau hauv cov kab lus, raws li qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no:
Thaum khij qhov haum code ntawm linear dimension nyob rau hauv daim duab los ua ke, nws yuav tsum tau cim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib feem nyob rau sab xis ntawm qhov yooj yim dimension, tus zauv yog tus kam rau ua code ntawm lub qhov, thiab tus denominator yog tus kam rau ua code. ntawm tus ncej, raws li qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no:
5.2. Geometric kam rau ua
Tsom ntsoov rau kev piav qhia txog kev siv txoj haujlwm degree. Txoj haujlwm degree yuav tsum tau siv ntau qhov ntau, thiab qhov kev zam pub dawb tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li txoj haujlwm kev xav tau ntawm lub qhov. Feem ntau hais lus, txoj haujlwm raug tau lees paub los ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm cov cuab yeej, drilling pwm, thiab cov cuab yeej siv tshuab ua haujlwm. Qhov chaw loj ntawm lub qhov yog tswj los ntawm tus ncej loj.
Txoj hauj lwm thiab thav duab loj: Qhov loj me yog muab faib ua ob pawg, ib qho yog qhov loj me me ntawm cov khoom siv nws tus kheej, thiab lwm qhov yog qhov chaw me me uas tsis yog installation. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom kev loj no. Lub installation loj nws tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv loj, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm qhov loj ntawm tus ncej, thiab qhov loj ntawm tus ncej yog inseparable ntawm txoj hauj lwm. Txoj kev sau npe ntawm qhov loj thiab txoj haujlwm ntawm tus ncej yog raws li hauv qab no:
6. Cov cai xaiv cov khoom
6.1. Cov ntaub ntawv sau npe cov cai
Txhua feem yuav tsum tau cim nrog cov khoom npe, cov khoom siv sib dhos ncaj qha nrog lo lus "sib dhos", thiab cov khoom siv vuam cov ntsiab lus kem yog cim ncaj qha nrog lo lus "weldment".
6.2. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv feem ntau
Cov khoom siv: carbon steel Q235; Stainless hlau 304, 304L, 310S, 316L, 3Cr13; aluminium alloy LY12, 7075; cam khwb cia hlau HT250, HT300, thiab lwm yam.;
Tsav ncej: 45, 40Cr, 3Cr13, 38CrMoAl, thiab lwm yam;
Cov khoom siv roj hmab: roj hmab nitrile, fluorine roj hmab, roj hmab ntuj, thiab lwm yam, feem ntau yog siv los ua cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj thiab poob siab absorbers;
Hnav-tiv taus qhov chaw: tooj liab, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, polyurethane, thiab lwm yam., feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom hnav-tiv taus lossis rwb thaiv tsev thiab tsis muaj qhov chaw.
7. Vuam
7.1. Vuam cim
duab
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm weld cim nyob rau hauv daim duab:
K: vuam qhov siab;
n: pes tsawg weld ntu;
L: weld ntev;
e: weld interval;
N: tus naj npawb ntawm tib welds;
Tus chij yog qhov chaw weld cim; lub voj voog yog tus naj npawb circumferential weld; ob daim duab peb sab yog symmetrical fillet weld cim; Z qhia txog tus ntoo khaub lig weld. Thov xa mus rau "Machine Design Manual" kom paub meej.
7.2. Weld daim ntawv
Fillet weld: Ib qho weld qhov twg qhov vuam ntawm ob feem yog ntawm lub kaum sab xis;
Butt welding: ib qho flush weld ntawm ob qhov chaw, pob tw vuam tsis yog siv rau kev siv zog dav dav;
Overlay welding: Lub weld seam piled rau ntawm qhov chaw feem ntau yog siv los txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam;
Spot welding: taw tes weld ntawm qhov vuam, siv rau vuam nyias phaj;
Groove Weld: Ib qho weld nrog ib zawj. Muaj V-shaped welds nrog blunt npoo, ib sab V-puab welds nrog blunt npoo, U-puab welds nrog blunt npoo, ib sab U-shaped welds nrog blunt npoo, horn-puab welds, thiab ib sab horn. - zoo li welds. hom ntawv. V-shaped thiab U-shaped welds yuav tsum tau grooved ua ntej vuam.
Circumferential welding: Weld ib lub voj voog ncig ib feem los yog ntawm ib qho chaw.
Symmetrical weld: Ib qho weld uas yog symmetrical rau ib feem.
Kev sib tshuam welding: vuam seam nrog ib seem dawb paug tom qab vuam.
Z-zoo li tus welding: tshwj xeeb rau kev sib tshuam symmetrical vuam, uas yog, lub qaum thiab sab welds yog staggered.
Ncej vuam: peb-sided vuam nyob rau hauv ib tug ncej puab.
8. Txheem xaiv qhov chaw
8.1. Kev xaiv cov qauv ntawm cov qauv
Qhov tsawg dua ntawm cov qauv qhov chaw, qhov zoo dua, sim ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke, thiab tsis txhob nce tus qauv qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov xav tau. Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem raug xaiv hauv PLM system.
Ua ntej xaiv cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm hauv PLM system. Thaum cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tsis tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm, nws raug tso cai los tsim cov qauv txheej txheem tshiab thiab siv cov qauv tshiab.
8.2. Ua ntej siv cov khoom txheem
hom
)
Daim ntawv lo piv txwv
(lub npe kab)
Lus ceeb toom
(khoom siv)
Hex qhov (socket) lub taub hau hau ntsia hlau
GB / T70.1
Hexagon socket taub hau ntsia hlau M12 × 40
Stainless hlau / siab zog 12.9
Hexagon socket taub hau ntsia hlau
GB/T70.3
Hexagon socket taub hau ntsia hlau M6 × 16
Stainless hlau
Hexagon Socket Head Screws
GB / T70.2
Hexagon socket tiaj taub hau ntsia hlau M6 × 10
Stainless hlau
Hexagon Socket Flat Point Teem Screws
GB/T77
Hexagon socket teem ntsia hlau nrog tiaj tus kawg M5 × 10
Stainless hlau
hex taub hau bolt
GB/T5872
Hex taub hau ntsia liaj qhov rooj M12 × 30
Stainless hlau / siab zog 12.9
Hex txiv ntseej
GB / T6170
Hex noob M10
Stainless hlau
Flat Washers
GB/T97.2
flat washer 8
Stainless hlau
caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntxhua khaub ncaws
GB/T93
caij nplooj ntoos hlav washer 10
65mn ua
Circlip rau ncej
GB/T894.1
Lub voj voog 55
65mn ua
Circlips rau qhov
GB/T893.1
Circlip rau qhov 32
65mn ua
9. Cov khoom faib
Kev faib cov khoom siv yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim. Yog tias qhov kev faib khoom tsis zoo, tag nrho cov txheej txheem kos duab thiab cov txheej txheem sib dhos yuav ntxhov. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev faib yog: kev faib ua haujlwm thiab kev faib lub cev. Kev ywj pheej ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ywj pheej ntawm lub cev yuav tsum tau muab faib ua cov khoom sib cais. Siv lub tshuab sib tsoo ua piv txwv, nws tau muab faib ua cov khoom khib nyiab, cov khoom txav txav, cov khoom sib cais valve, kev sib tsoo lub log sib tsoo cov khoom, theem kev hloov cov khoom, lub tshuab nqus tsev twj, cov khoom siv hauv dej, thiab lwm yam. Rau cov kev cai naming ntawm tus lej kos duab ntawm txhua yam khoom, thov xa mus rau yav dhau los daim duab tus lej specification.
10. Cov kev cai uas yuav tsum tau sau hom ntawv
Cov ntsiab lus dav dav ntawm kev xav tau:
1) Kev xav tau rau cov khoom siv, qhov khoob, thiab kev kho cua sov (xws li electromagnetic tsis, tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, av noo, hardness, metallographic yuav tsum, thiab lwm yam).
2) Dimensional tolerances, cov duab thiab nto roughness, thiab lwm yam uas nyuaj rau kev nthuav tawm hauv qhov pom.
3) Cov kev cai sib txawv rau cov qauv tsim (xws li fillets, chamfers, qhov ntev, thiab lwm yam).
4) Kev xav tau rau qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov khoom (xws li txheej, plating, txhaj tshuaj peening, thiab lwm yam).
5) Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau kev tshem tawm, kev cuam tshuam thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kheej.
6) Yuav tsum tau calibration, kho thiab sealing.
7) Cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv (xws li suab nrov, kev vibration tsis kam, automation, braking thiab kev nyab xeeb, thiab lwm yam).
8) Kev sim thiab cov txheej txheem.
9) Lwm cov lus qhia
Cov saum toj no yog cov yam ntxwv dav dav uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum cov kev xav tau muab rau hauv cov duab kos ntawm cov khoom, qhov chaw, thiab cov khoom siv. Rau ib feem ntawm kev kos duab lossis kos duab sib dhos ntawm txhua daim duab kos, cov saum toj no cuaj yam tsis tsim nyog. Qhia qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua yam khoom thiab nthuav tawm cov kev cai tsim nyog
Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau hauv siab thaum sau cov txheej txheem kev cai:
1) Txoj haujlwm sau ntawv ntawm lub npe thiab cov kev cai ntawm "Technical Requirements" yuav tsum yog "kom deb li deb tau saum toj no lossis mus rau sab laug ntawm lub npe bar". Tsis txhob sau cov kev cai nyob deb ntawm lub npe bar. Tsis txhob sau cov kev cai sib xws rau cov khoom siv (xws li "tag nrho chamfers C1") nyob rau sab xis sab xis ntawm daim duab.
2) Lub npe ntawm cov lus piav qhia yuav tsum yog "Technical Requirements". Yog tias tsuas muaj ib yam khoom xwb, nws tsis tas yuav suav, tab sis lub npe yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tshem tawm. "Note" yuav tsum tsis txhob siv es tsis txhob "tsim kev cai"; nws tsis raug tso cai sau "kev cai lij choj" raws li "cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis". "Technical Requirements" yog ib feem ntawm "Technical Conditions".
3) Cov nqe lus ntawm cov clauses yuav tsum yog qhov tseeb thiab tus qauv. Hauv kev kos duab sib dhos, thaum cov lus qhia suav nrog cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv, lawv cov lej cim lossis cov lej (tsim codes) tuaj yeem siv los hloov.
4) Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau qhov tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov ntev ntev thiab qhov ntev ntawm qhov ntev yuav tsum tau teev nyob rau hauv cov kev cai.
10.1. Kev kho saum npoo
Kev kho deg: anodized (dub, dawb)
Kev kho deg: galvanized
Kev kho deg: hniav chrome plating (plating thickness tsis cim)
Nto chrome plating: txheej thickness {{{0}}}.××~0.××mm (kos txoj kev nyuaj chrome plating rau txhua qhov chaw)
Tsuas yog rau saum npoo ntawm × ×, lwm qhov chaw yog plated nrog nyuaj chrome, thiab lub thickness ntawm txheej yog {{0}}. × × ~ 0. × × hli (kos npe rau ob peb qhov chaw tsis muaj chrome plating)
Hard chrome plating rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm × ×, lub thickness ntawm txheej yog {{{0}}}. × × ~ 0. × × hli (tsuas yog ob peb txoj kev kos rau saum npoo chrome plating)
10.2. Kev pleev xim
Txhua qhov chaw yog pleev xim rau xim xim tooj × ×
× × nto pleev xim rau, xim xim tooj × ×
Tsuas yog rau saum npoo ntawm × ×, lwm qhov chaw yog pleev xim rau xim xim xim x ×
10.3. Kev kho cua sov
Kev kho cua sov: quenching thiab tempering kho, hardness tom qab quenching thiab tempering yog HB × × × ~ × × ×
Kev kho cua sov: nto quenching, deg hardness tom qab quenching HRC × × × ~ × × ×, tob × × ~ × ×
Kev kho cua sov: nto carburizing (nitrogen), hardness HRC × × × ~ × × ×, carburizing (nitrogen) sib sib zog nqus × × ~ × ×
10.4. fillet thiab chamfer
Tag nrho cov fillets R ×
Unfilled R ×
Tag nrho cov chamfering × ×
Lub qhov rooj qhib × ×
Ntse ntug chamfer × ×
ntse ntug tsis blunt
10.5. Weldments
Qhov saum npoo ntawm txhua qhov chaw yuav tsum tiaj tus thiab du ua ntej vuam, tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb rauj
Welds yuav tsum tau nkag mus thiab tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li slag inclusions, tawg, thiab pores
Tom qab welding, txhua qhov chaw yuav tsum du thiab weld seam yuav tsum yog hauv av
Tom qab vuam, nws yuav tsum tau mus rau qhov ntsuas siab nyob rau hauv × × MPa siab rau × min, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov to ntawm txhua qhov vuam.
Kev ua tiav ntawm vuam yuav tsum yog cov khoom siv dag (natural, vibration) kev laus kev kho mob (feem ntau yog siv rau cov vuam loj)
10.6. Castings
Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob.
Yog tias lub vojvoog fillet ntawm qhov tsis ua tiav casting tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau R ×, qhov saum npoo ntawm cov casting yuav tsum tau xuab zeb-ntxuav.
Casting blanks xav tau kev kho mob (natural) kev laus.
